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MIL-STD-2148A_NOT_1-003.pdf
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MIL-STD-2148A_NOT_1-003.pdf
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AMSC N/A FSG 93GP
INCH-POUND
MIL-STD-2148A(SH)
6 September 2016
SUPERSEDING
MIL-STD-2148(SH)
12 August 1983
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
STANDARD PRACTICE
VIBRATION DAMPING MATERIALS,
PROCEDURES FOR INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE,
AND REPAIRS
Source: https://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-04-15T18:18Z
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MIL-STD-2148A(SH)
ii
FOREWORD
1. This standard is approved for use by the Naval Sea Systems Command, Department of the Navy, and is
available for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.
2. This standard provides instructions for the installation, maintenance, and repair of vibration damping
materials.
3. Damping treatments applied on structures reduce the amplitudes of motion and force at their numerous
resonance frequencies, and thus reduce vibrations.
4. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to Commander, Naval Sea
Systems Command, ATTN: SEA 05S, 1333 Isaac Hull Avenue, SE, Stop 5160, Washington Navy Yard DC
20376-5160 or emailed to CommandStandards@navy.mil, with the subject line “Document Comment”. Since
contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST
Online database at https://assist.dla.mil.
Source: https://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-04-15T18:18Z
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MIL-STD-2148A(SH)
iii
CONTENTS
PARAGRAPH PAGE
1. SCOPE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope. ................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Classification. ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 2
2.1 General. .............................................................................................................................................................. 2
2.2 Government documents. ..................................................................................................................................... 2
2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. ................................................................................................... 2
2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications. ....................................................................... 3
2.3 Non-Government publications. ........................................................................................................................... 4
2.4 Order of precedence. ........................................................................................................................................... 5
3. DEFINITIONS ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Abrasive blasting. ............................................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Anode. ................................................................................................................................................................ 5
3.3 Anti-corrosion paint. ........................................................................................................................................... 5
3.4 Antifouling paint. ................................................................................................................................................ 5
3.5 Brush blasting. .................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.6 Damping. ............................................................................................................................................................ 5
3.7 Damping material. .............................................................................................................................................. 5
3.8 Dry film thickness. ............................................................................................................................................. 6
3.9 Epoxy. ................................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.10 Free-layer damping. .......................................................................................................................................... 6
3.11 Galvanic corrosion. ........................................................................................................................................... 6
3.12 Near-white metal. ............................................................................................................................................. 6
3.13 Resonance frequency. ....................................................................................................................................... 6
3.14 Restraining layer. .............................................................................................................................................. 6
3.15 Solvent. ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.16 Sweep-blasting. ................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.17 Template. .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
3.18 Very high bond (VHB) tape.............................................................................................................................. 6
4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 6
4.1 Discussion. .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 General. .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.1 Interference from other systems. ................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.2 Pre-forming damping materials. .................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.3 Areas with reinforced members. .................................................................................................................. 7
4.2.3.1 Areas with irregularly shaped members. .............................................................................................. 7
4.2.3.2 Standard size tiles. ................................................................................................................................ 7
4.2.4 Damage preventive measures. ..................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.4.1 Welding or burning near type VI damping tiles. .................................................................................. 7
4.2.5 Constraining layers. ..................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.5.1 Studs, nuts, and washers. ...................................................................................................................... 9
4.2.6 Materials installed in combination with damping treatments. ..................................................................... 9
4.2.6.1 Acoustic absorptive or thermal insulation. ........................................................................................... 9
4.2.6.2 Reflector and decoupler tiles. ............................................................................................................. 10
4.2.6.3 Acoustic absorber tiles. ....................................................................................................................... 10
4.2.6.4 Cableway hangers. .............................................................................................................................. 10
4.2.6.5 Air pollution regulations. .................................................................................................................... 10
4.3 Submarines. ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.3.1 Main ballast tanks. ..................................................................................................................................... 10
4.3.2 Tanks: bilge-collecting, main lubricating oil and lubricating oil settling, shaft lubricating oil sump,
surge, depth control, sanitary, and potable water. ..................................................................................... 10
4.3.3 Superstructure, fairwater, and other free-flooded spaces. .......................................................................... 11
4.3.4 Hull frames. ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Source: https://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-04-15T18:18Z
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MIL-STD-2148A(SH)
iv
PARAGRAPH PAGE
4.3.5 Machinery or noise-critical equipment foundations, bulkheads, and girders. ............................................ 11
4.3.6 Platform decks and supporting beams. ...................................................................................................... 11
4.3.7 Sonar domes. ............................................................................................................................................. 11
4.4 Surface ships. .................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.4.1 Hull, frames, longitudinal stiffeners, and keel. .......................................................................................... 11
4.4.2 Bulkheads and platform decks. .................................................................................................................. 11
4.4.3 Surface ship machinery foundations. ......................................................................................................... 12
4.4.4 Fuel oil and salt water tanks. ..................................................................................................................... 12
4.4.5 Sonar domes. ............................................................................................................................................. 12
4.5 General health and safety requirements. ........................................................................................................... 12
4.5.1 General health hazards. .............................................................................................................................. 12
4.5.1.1 Paint materials. ................................................................................................................................... 12
4.5.1.2 Adhesive materials.............................................................................................................................. 12
4.5.1.3 Damping materials. ............................................................................................................................. 13
4.5.1.4 Surface preparation materials. ............................................................................................................ 13
4.5.2 General safety measures. ........................................................................................................................... 13
4.5.2.1 Working environment. ........................................................................................................................ 13
4.5.2.2 Respiratory protection. ....................................................................................................................... 14
4.5.2.2.1 Types of respirators. .................................................................................................................... 14
4.5.2.3 Eye protection. .................................................................................................................................... 14
4.5.2.3.1 Eyewashes. .................................................................................................................................. 14
4.5.2.4 Protective clothing. ............................................................................................................................. 14
4.5.2.5 Safety precautions for abrasive blasting. ............................................................................................ 14
4.5.2.5.1 Preventive measures. ................................................................................................................... 14
4.5.2.5.2 Requirements prior to blasting operations. .................................................................................. 14
4.5.2.5.3 Pre-abrasive blasting inspection. ................................................................................................. 15
4.5.2.5.4 Post abrasive blasting inspection. ................................................................................................ 15
4.5.2.5.5 Abrasive blasting protective equipment. ...................................................................................... 15
4.5.2.5.6 Staging. ........................................................................................................................................ 15
4.5.2.6 Safety precautions for mixing paint. ................................................................................................... 15
4.5.2.6.1 Fire prevention precautions. ........................................................................................................ 15
4.5.2.6.2 Accidental ignition. ...................................................................................................................... 15
4.5.2.6.3 Electrical equipment. ................................................................................................................... 15
4.5.2.6.4 Personnel protective precautions. ................................................................................................ 15
4.5.2.6.5 Sensitivity, allergic reactions, and pulmonary disorders.............................................................. 15
4.5.2.6.6 Vinyl paints. ................................................................................................................................. 16
4.5.2.6.7 Epoxy paints. ............................................................................................................................... 16
4.5.2.6.7.1 Dermatitis and allergy hazard. .............................................................................................. 16
4.5.2.6.7.2 Epoxy solvents. ..................................................................................................................... 16
4.5.2.7 Safety precautions for paint application. ............................................................................................ 16
4.5.2.7.1 Danger area. ................................................................................................................................. 16
4.5.2.7.2 Application by brush or roller. ..................................................................................................... 16
4.5.2.7.3 Vinyl and epoxy paints. ............................................................................................................... 16
4.5.2.7.4 Application by spray. ................................................................................................................... 16
4.5.2.7.5 Fire prevention precautions. ........................................................................................................ 17
4.5.2.7.6 Application in confined spaces. ................................................................................................... 17
4.5.2.7.7 Explosion-proof lamps. ................................................................................................................ 17
4.5.2.7.8 Gas-free testing. ........................................................................................................................... 17
4.5.2.7.9 Ventilation. .................................................................................................................................. 17
4.5.2.7.10 Personnel protective precautions. .............................................................................................. 17
4.5.2.7.11 Protective clothing. .................................................................................................................... 17
4.5.2.7.12 Showers. .................................................................................................................................... 17
4.5.2.7.13 Cleaning spray guns. .................................................................................................................. 17
4.5.2.7.14 Epoxy paints. ............................................................................................................................. 17
Source: https://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-04-15T18:18Z
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MIL-STD-2148A(SH)
v
PARAGRAPH PAGE
4.5.2.8 Safety precautions for adhesive mixing and application. .................................................................... 18
4.5.2.9 Cleaning with degreasing solvents...................................................................................................... 18
4.5.2.9.1 Eye protection. ............................................................................................................................. 18
4.5.2.9.2 Skin protection. ............................................................................................................................ 18
5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................. 18
5.1 General. ............................................................................................................................................................ 18
5.2 Common requirements...................................................................................................................................... 19
5.2.1 Surface preparation – dry spaces. .............................................................................................................. 19
5.2.1.1 Cleaning steel surfaces in dry spaces. ................................................................................................. 19
5.2.2 Surface preparation – wet spaces. .............................................................................................................. 20
5.2.2.1 Cleaning of steel surfaces in wet spaces. ............................................................................................ 20
5.2.3 Surface preparation – gear cases. ............................................................................................................... 20
5.2.3.1 Gear cases and structures that operate at temperatures of 80 to 155 °F .............................................. 20
5.2.4 Surface preparation – non-steel surfaces. .................................................................................................. 20
5.2.4.1 Non-steel surface cleaning. ................................................................................................................. 20
5.2.4.2 GRP surface cleaning. ........................................................................................................................ 20
5.2.5 Surface preparation – surface ship tanks. .................................................................................................. 21
5.2.5.1 Cleaning of surface ship tanks. ........................................................................................................... 21
5.2.6 Studs, nuts, and washers. ........................................................................................................................... 21
5.2.6.1 Attachment of studs. ........................................................................................................................... 21
5.2.6.2 Protection of stud threads. .................................................................................................................. 21
5.2.6.3 Anti-seize compound. ......................................................................................................................... 21
5.2.6.3.1 Studs and related materials. ......................................................................................................... 21
5.2.7 Protective coatings. .................................................................................................................................... 22
5.2.7.1 Environmental requirements for coatings. .......................................................................................... 23
5.2.7.2 Epoxy coatings. .................................................................................................................................. 23
5.2.7.2.1 Dry spaces. ................................................................................................................................... 23
5.2.7.2.2 Wet spaces. .................................................................................................................................. 23
5.2.7.2.3 Drying time. ................................................................................................................................. 23
5.2.7.3 Powder coating. .................................................................................................................................. 24
5.2.7.3.1 Dry spaces. ................................................................................................................................... 24
5.2.7.3.2 Wet spaces. .................................................................................................................................. 24
5.2.7.4 Ultra high solids coatings. .................................................................................................................. 24
5.2.7.4.1 Dry spaces. ................................................................................................................................... 25
5.2.7.4.2 Wet spaces. .................................................................................................................................. 26
5.2.7.5 Application of coatings. ...................................................................................................................... 26
5.2.7.5.1 Dry spaces. ................................................................................................................................... 26
5.2.7.5.2 Wet spaces. .................................................................................................................................. 27
5.2.7.5.3 Gear cases and structures that operate at temperatures of 80 to 155 °F. ...................................... 27
5.2.7.5.4 Non-steel surfaces. ....................................................................................................................... 27
5.2.8 Amine bloom. ............................................................................................................................................ 27
5.2.8.1 Examination for amine bloom. ........................................................................................................... 27
5.2.8.2 Amine bloom examination and removal procedure. ........................................................................... 27
5.2.8.3 Referee test procedure for detection of amine bloom. ........................................................................ 28
5.2.9 Adhesive. ................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.2.9.1 Environmental requirements. .............................................................................................................. 28
5.2.9.2 Preparation of MIL-A-24456 epoxy adhesive. ................................................................................... 29
5.2.9.2.1 Cleaning. ...................................................................................................................................... 29
5.2.9.3 3M™ VHB™ tape, or equal as approved by NAVSEA. .................................................................... 29
5.2.9.3.1 Adhesive tape application to free-layer or restrained layer tiles. ................................................. 29
5.2.9.3.2 Adhesive taped free-layer or restrained layer tile application to structure. .................................. 30
5.2.9.3.3 Adhesive tape application to constrained layer tiles. ................................................................... 30
5.2.9.3.4 Adhesive taped constrained layer tile application to structure. .................................................... 32
5.2.10 Corrosion protection, habitability, and antifouling paint application. ..................................................... 33
Source: https://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-04-15T18:18Z
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