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MICROSOFT FOUNDATION CLASS LIBRARY : ClientBySocket
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AppWizard has created this ClientBySocket application for you. This application
not only demonstrates the basics of using the Microsoft Foundation classes
but is also a starting point for writing your application.
This file contains a summary of what you will find in each of the files that
make up your ClientBySocket application.
ClientBySocket.dsp
This file (the project file) contains information at the project level and
is used to build a single project or subproject. Other users can share the
project (.dsp) file, but they should export the makefiles locally.
ClientBySocket.h
This is the main header file for the application. It includes other
project specific headers (including Resource.h) and declares the
CClientBySocketApp application class.
ClientBySocket.cpp
This is the main application source file that contains the application
class CClientBySocketApp.
ClientBySocket.rc
This is a listing of all of the Microsoft Windows resources that the
program uses. It includes the icons, bitmaps, and cursors that are stored
in the RES subdirectory. This file can be directly edited in Microsoft
Visual C++.
ClientBySocket.clw
This file contains information used by ClassWizard to edit existing
classes or add new classes. ClassWizard also uses this file to store
information needed to create and edit message maps and dialog data
maps and to create prototype member functions.
res\ClientBySocket.ico
This is an icon file, which is used as the application's icon. This
icon is included by the main resource file ClientBySocket.rc.
res\ClientBySocket.rc2
This file contains resources that are not edited by Microsoft
Visual C++. You should place all resources not editable by
the resource editor in this file.
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AppWizard creates one dialog class:
ClientBySocketDlg.h, ClientBySocketDlg.cpp - the dialog
These files contain your CClientBySocketDlg class. This class defines
the behavior of your application's main dialog. The dialog's
template is in ClientBySocket.rc, which can be edited in Microsoft
Visual C++.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Other standard files:
StdAfx.h, StdAfx.cpp
These files are used to build a precompiled header (PCH) file
named ClientBySocket.pch and a precompiled types file named StdAfx.obj.
Resource.h
This is the standard header file, which defines new resource IDs.
Microsoft Visual C++ reads and updates this file.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Other notes:
AppWizard uses "TODO:" to indicate parts of the source code you
should add to or customize.
If your application uses MFC in a shared DLL, and your application is
in a language other than the operating system's current language, you
will need to copy the corresponding localized resources MFC42XXX.DLL
from the Microsoft Visual C++ CD-ROM onto the system or system32 directory,
and rename it to be MFCLOC.DLL. ("XXX" stands for the language abbreviation.
For example, MFC42DEU.DLL contains resources translated to German.) If you
don't do this, some of the UI elements of your application will remain in the
language of the operating system.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
socket 聊天程序
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更新于2008-12-16
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在IT领域,Socket编程是一种基础且重要的网络通信技术,它允许不同计算机间的进程进行数据交换。本项目"socket聊天程序"是用C++语言实现的一个支持多人聊天功能的应用,通过运用Socket接口,实现了客户端(Client)与服务器端(Server)之间的实时通信。
我们来详细了解Socket编程的基本概念。Socket,通常被称为套接字,是操作系统提供的一种进程间通信(IPC)机制,特别是在网络环境下。在TCP/IP协议栈中,Socket接口提供了应用层与传输层之间的抽象层,使得开发者可以方便地实现网络通信。
在C++中,使用Socket编程通常涉及以下步骤:
1. **创建Socket**:调用`socket()`函数创建一个Socket描述符,指定协议类型(如TCP或UDP)和地址族(如IPv4或IPv6)。
2. **绑定Socket**:使用`bind()`函数将Socket与特定的IP地址和端口号关联起来,服务器端通常需要先完成这一步。
3. **监听Socket**:服务器端调用`listen()`函数,设置最大连接队列长度,等待客户端的连接请求。
4. **接受连接**:当有客户端请求连接时,服务器调用`accept()`函数接收连接,并返回一个新的Socket描述符用于处理与该客户端的通信。
5. **连接Socket**:客户端调用`connect()`函数,尝试与服务器建立连接。
6. **发送和接收数据**:一旦连接建立,双方都可以通过`send()`和`recv()`函数发送和接收数据。对于聊天程序,这些函数将用于传递用户的聊天消息。
7. **关闭Socket**:完成通信后,使用`close()`函数关闭Socket描述符。
在多人聊天环境中,服务器端可能需要同时处理多个客户端的连接,这就需要用到多线程或多进程技术。每个连接的客户端会被分配到一个独立的线程或进程,以便并发处理多个聊天会话。
C++中的线程库(如POSIX的pthread或C++11及更高版本的std::thread)可以帮助我们实现这个功能。每个线程将负责一个特定的客户端连接,处理来自该连接的数据发送和接收。
此外,为了实现聊天功能,项目可能会使用到以下技术:
- **字符串处理**:对用户输入的聊天消息进行解析和格式化。
- **错误处理**:捕获并处理各种网络和系统错误,如连接失败、数据传输错误等。
- **同步机制**:确保在多线程环境中正确地访问共享资源,例如消息队列,避免数据竞争。
- **日志记录**:记录系统活动和错误信息,便于调试和问题排查。
在"第9章 基于C/S结构的Socket程序设计"中,可能涵盖了如何构建这样的多用户聊天服务器和客户端的详细步骤,包括具体的代码示例和解释。学习这部分内容,开发者不仅可以深入理解Socket编程,还能掌握在网络环境下设计和实现复杂应用的能力。