c.数据分析功能.............................................................................................................................................15
d.动态仿真功能............................................................................................................................................15
e.程序借口功能.............................................................................................................................................16
f.文字处理功能.............................................................................................................................................16
3.2MATLAB 的特点.....................................................................................................................................16
3.2.1 功能强大,可扩展性强......................................................................................................................16
3.2.2 界面友好,编程效率高......................................................................................................................17
3.2.3 图像功能,灵活且方便......................................................................................................................17
3.3MATLAB 在图像处理中的应用.............................................................................................................17
第四章 图像分割的概念和算法的研究......................................................................................................19
4.1 图像分割的基本概念.............................................................................................................................19
4.1.1 图像分割定义.......................................................................................................................................19
4.2 边缘检测方法..........................................................................................................................................21
4.2.1 边缘检测概述.......................................................................................................................................21
4.2.2 边缘检测梯度算法..............................................................................................................................22
a.梯度边缘检测算法基本步骤及流程图....................................................................................................22
b.Robert 算子.................................................................................................................................................23
c.Sobel 算子...................................................................................................................................................24
d.Prewitt 算子................................................................................................................................................25
4.2.3 拉普拉斯(Laplacian)算子...............................................................................................................26
4.2.4LoG(Laplacian-Gauss)算子..................................................................................................................28
4.2.5 坎尼(Canny)算子............................................................................................................................29
4.3 灰度阈值分割..........................................................................................................................................32
4.3.1 阈值分割介绍.......................................................................................................................................32
a.阈值化分割原则.........................................................................................................................................32
b.阈值分割算法分类....................................................................................................................................33
4.3.2 全局阈值...............................................................................................................................................34
a.极小值点阈值.............................................................................................................................................35
b.最优阈值....................................................................................................................................................35
c.迭代阈值分割.............................................................................................................................................37
4.3.3 动态阈值...............................................................................................................................................39
a.阈值插值.....................................................................................................................................................39
b.水线阈值算法............................................................................................................................................40
4.4 区域分割..................................................................................................................................................42
4.4.1 区域生长的基本原理、步骤及流程图..............................................................................................42
4.4.2 生长准则和过程...................................................................................................................................45
a.灰度差准则.................................................................................................................................................45
b.灰度分布统计准则....................................................................................................................................46
c.区域形状准则.............................................................................................................................................47
4.4.3 分裂合并...............................................................................................................................................48
第五章 总结..................................................................................................................................................51
5.1 对于图像边缘检测的分析.....................................................................................................................51
5.2 对于图像阈值分割的分析.....................................................................................................................51
5.3 对于图像区域分割的分析.....................................................................................................................52
5.4 改进意见..................................................................................................................................................52