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D医药连锁企业配送路径优化研究.docx
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D医药连锁企业配送路径优化研究.docx
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D 医药连锁企业配送路径优化研究
【摘要】D 医药连锁企业作为中山市最大的医药连锁企业之一,连锁门店数
量超过 150 多家,覆盖整个中山市。随着企业规模不断发展壮大,原本依靠人工
完成车辆路径规划和车辆调度已无法满足企业发展需求,如何选择科学合理的车
辆配送路线是当前企业所要面对的重要问题。
本文以 D 医药连锁企业作为研究对象,分析其车辆路径配送现状及存在问题。
首先,本文整理和介绍了车辆路径问题和医药物流的相关理论,并对其进行综合
阐述。其次,分析 D 企业的医药物流配送现状以及存在的问题,通过分析比较各
种算法的原理、步骤等内容和根据企业实际配送情况,最终选择节约里程法来构
建数学模型,门店药品需求量和车辆核载容量是其约束条件。最后,通过收集与
配送相关的基础数据,将模型和数据导入 MATLAB 软件工具进行求解,最终获得
优化结果。优化后的配送方案能够显著降低物流配送成本,提高企业经济效益。
【关键词】医药物流配送;路径优化;节约里程法
Optimization of Distribution Path of D Pharmaceutical
Chain Enterprises
[Abstract]D pharmaceutical chain enterprises as one of the largest
pharmaceutical chain enterprises in Zhongshan City, the number of chain stores more
than 150, covering the entire Zhongshan City. With the continuous development of
enterprise scale, the original manual completion of vehicle path planning and vehicle
scheduling can not meet the needs of enterprise development, how to choose a
scientific and reasonable vehicle distribution route is an important problem that
enterprises must face at present.
Based on the research object of D pharmaceutical chain enterprises, this paper
analyzes the current situation and existing problems of vehicle route distribution. First
of all, this paper collates and introduces the related theories of vehicle path problem
and medical logistics, and comprehensively expounds it. Secondly, this paper
analyzes the current situation and existing problems of pharmaceutical logistics
distribution in D enterprises, analyzes and compares the principles, steps and other
contents of various algorithms and according to the actual distribution situation of
enterprises, finally chooses the mileage saving method to construct the mathematical
model, and the store drug demand and vehicle nuclear load capacity are the
constraints. Finally, by collecting the basic data related to distribution, the model and
data are imported into MATLAB software tools to solve, and finally the optimization
results are obtained. The optimized distribution scheme can significantly reduce the
cost of logistics distribution and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
[Keywords] medical logistics distribution; path optimization; mileage saving
method
目 录
1 前言 ................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景 ...............................................1
1.2 研究意义 ...............................................1
1.3 国内外研究现状 .........................................2
2 医药物流与物流配送相关理论 ....................................................3
2.1 医药物流 ...............................................3
2.1.1 医药物流定义 ..............................................................................3
2.1.2 医药物流特性 ..............................................................................3
2.2 物流配送 ...............................................4
2.2.1 物流配送定义 ..............................................................................4
2.2.2 物流配送流程 ..............................................................................4
2.2.3 物流配送模式 ..............................................................................5
3 车辆路径问题相关理论 ................................................................7
3.1 车辆路径问题基本原理 ...................................7
3.1.1 车辆路径问题定义 ......................................................................7
3.1.2 车辆路径问题分类 ......................................................................7
3.2 VRP 研究方法 ............................................9
3.2.1 精确算法 ......................................................................................9
3.2.2 经典启发式算法 ........................................................................10
3.3.3 现代启发式算法 ........................................................................10
4 D 医药连锁企业配送现状分析 ...................................................12
4.1 企业简介 ..............................................12
4.2 D 医药连锁企业配送现状 .................................13
4.2.1 配送作业情况 ............................................................................13
4.2.2 配送网络 ....................................................................................14
4.3 D 医药连锁企业配送存在问题及分析 .......................15
4.3.1 存在问题 ....................................................................................15
4.3.2 原因分析 ....................................................................................16
5 D 医药连锁企业配送路线优化模型建立 ...................................17
5.1 企业路径问题描述 ......................................17
5.2 模型构建 ..............................................17
5.2.1 模型假设及约束条件 ................................................................17
5.2.2 模型描述 ....................................................................................18
5.2.3 目标函数 ....................................................................................18
5.3 算法分析 ..............................................19
5.3.1 算法选择 ....................................................................................19
5.3.2 节约里程法 ................................................................................19
6 D 医药连锁企业车辆路径优化 ...................................................22
6.1 基础数据分析 ..........................................22
6.1.1 门店距离及门店需求数据 ........................................................22
6.2 路径优化求解分析 ......................................27
6.3 优化结果分析 ..........................................31
7 结论和展望 ..................................................................................33
7.1 结论 ..................................................33
7.2 展望 ..................................................33
参考文献 ..........................................................................................35
致谢 ..................................................................................................37
附录 ..................................................................................................38
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