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热力检查室内力计算方法研究.docx
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热力检查室内力计算方法研究.docx
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中文摘要
摘要:热力检查室板的内力可采用解析和有限元数值方法。解析计算又可根
据板的支承条件分为简支、固支和弹性固定三种方法。有限元数值方法可以针对
检查室整体进行结构内力计算。
热力检查室设计中,板的内力计算一直以来采用解析方法,即把一个检查室
分成六块单板,查表计算其弯矩,然后按纯弯构件配置钢筋。这样做没有考虑六
块板的协调变形,也难以考虑人孔和沟口等开孔对板内力的影响。导致设计结果
通常过于保守,造成钢材的浪费。而有限元数值方法得到的结果偏小,如果采用
会使得工程安全储备不足。针对这一问题,本文开展检查室内力的数值计算方法
研究,提出能够用于设计的简化数值计算方法。
本文的主要内容和结果如下:
(1) 把检查室各块板视为四边简支板和固支板,查表计算单块板的弯矩。
(2) 采用 ANSYS 软件的 shell63 单元建立检查室模型,计算得到检查室内力的
数值解。
(3) 提出检查室计算的框架方法,计算检查室的内力,并与以上两种方法得到
的结果进行对比分析;根据对比结论对框架方法的荷载分配进行调整,得到了更
合理的计算结果;再采用长宽比为 2:1 的检查室板验证框架方法的合理性。
(4) 把框架方法应用于实际工程案例,验证框架方法的实用性。
通过解析解、数值解以及框架方法得到的解之间的对比可知:框架方法得出
的内力解整体处于解析解和数值解之间。板四周简支条件下得到的板跨中弯矩是
板中内力的上限值,数值计算得到的板跨中弯矩是板跨中弯矩的下限值;由板四
周固支得到板支座弯矩是板端弯矩的上限值,数值模拟得到的板支座弯矩是板支
座弯矩的下限值。
本文的研究成果,对热力检查室结构及与其类似的地下结构的研究和设计具
有较好的参考价值。
关键词:热力检查室;板内力计算方法;解析方法;有限元数值模拟
分类号:TU924
ABSTRACT
iii
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Theoretical method and numerical method are often used in
calculation of internal forces of inspection wells. According to boundary conditions, a
slab can be simply supported, fixed and elastically fixed. FEM numerical method can be
used to calculate internal forces for an inspection as a whole.
In design of heating projects, theoretical method is mainly adopted in calculation
of internal forces of inspection wells, in which an inspection well is divided into six
slabs and calculated separately. Then the slabs are reinforced according to the moment.
In doing so, the coordinated deformation of six slabs is ignored, and it is difficult to
consider the influence of an opening or a hole to internal forces. As a result, the design
is usually too conservative, causing material waste. On the other hand, numerical
simulation usually gives results which are too small. If adopted, the design can not
guarantee enough safety margin. To solve this problem, this paper focuses on a new
method which can be used in design of heating projects.
The main contents and conclusions are as below:
(1) Taking a well as six slabs with four-sides simply supported and fixed
respectively, internal forces are calculated thereotically.
(2) Shell63 element is used and the internal forces of wells are computed by
ANSYS software.
(3) A frame method is proposed and inspection wells are calculated by this
method. Comparison is conducted over the results by theoretical method, numerical
simulation and frame method. Upon the comparison, the loads on the frame are
modified, which leads to more rational results. Then two wells with length-to-width
ration being 2:1 are calculated, which shows that the frame method can also give correct
results.
(4) The frame method is used to an engineering case and verified.
According to the comparison on results by theoretical method, numerical
simulation and frame method, the results by frame method lie between theoretical
method and numerical simulation. For the moment at center of a simply supported slab,
theoretical method gives the largest value while numerical simulation gives the
smallest. For the moment at four sides of a fixed slab, theoretical method gives the
iv
largest value while numerical simulation gives the smallest.
The results of this paper provide a good reference for design and further research of
inspection wells and other underground structures.
KEYWORDS: inspection well; calculation method for internal forces of a slab;
theoretical method; FEM numerical simulation
CLASSNO:TU924
目录
v
目录
中文摘要 ...........................................................................................................................v
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................vii
第一章 绪论 .....................................................................................................................1
1.1 引言..................................................................................................................1
1.2 热力检查室结构设计原理及存在问题..........................................................1
1.3 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................3
1.4 本文研究的背景及意义..................................................................................4
1.5 本文研究的内容和方法..................................................................................5
第二章 检查室内力查表计算 .........................................................................................7
2.1 概述 .....................................................................................................................7
2.2 典型检查室计算数据 .........................................................................................7
2.3 查表计算检查室板内力 .....................................................................................7
第三章 检查室内力数值模拟计算 ...............................................................................15
3.1 有限元分析的基本原理 ...................................................................................15
3.2 ANSYS 软件中 Shell63 单元介绍...................................................................17
3.3 检查室内力三维数值计算 ...............................................................................20
第四章 检查室内力按框架方法计算 ...........................................................................23
4.1 检查室框架计算方法的提出 ...........................................................................23
4.2 框架方法的内力计算 .......................................................................................23
4.2.1 框架荷载导算 ........................................................................................23
4.2.2 框架内力计算 ........................................................................................26
4.2.3 三种计算方法结果对比 ........................................................................37
4.3 调整后框架方法的内力计算 ...........................................................................39
4.3.1 框架荷载导算 ........................................................................................39
4.3.2 框架内力计算 ........................................................................................42
4.3.4 调整荷载系数 ........................................................................................50
4.3.5 三种计算方法结果对比 ........................................................................51
4.4 改变矩形面为 1:2 时的对比计算....................................................................52
4.4.1 由解析计算得到的内力 ........................................................................52
4.4.2 由数值模拟得到的内力 ........................................................................55
4.4.3 由框架得到的内力 ................................................................................56
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