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工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线的研究 精品资料.docx
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工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线的研究 精品资料.docx
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Engineering machinery diesel engine fuel
supply characteristic curve of the research
工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲
线的研究
摘要
柴油机本身的速度特性不能满足大多数工程机械特殊工况的要求,因为其扭矩曲
线比较平坦,当负载有少量变化时柴油机转速就会有波动,柴油机在低速时会熄火,
在高速时会“飞车”。这对柴油机的正常运转不利,因此柴油机需装设调速器,调速
器可根据负载的变化,自动调节供油量,从而使柴油机保持在所要求的转速下稳定运
转。而研究柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线对认识和改进调速器的性能都有至关重要的意
义。
首先,通过在喷油泵实验台上进行调试、试验获取数据,进行分析,从而绘制出
曲线。然后通过调试燃油系几个主要参数,研究曲线的变化趋势,找出其对柴油机动
力性、经济性及尾气排放的影响。提出改进方案,在转速不变的情况下,改变齿条行
程,从而节省燃料。最后对新特性曲线进行可靠性分析。
关键字:调速器 调速特性曲线 喷油泵转速 齿条行程 调速螺钉
Abstract
� The speed of the engine itself can not meet the characteristics of the requirements
of the most engineering machinery, because the torque curves are relatively flat, when load
change with a small amount of the diesel engine speed can be big fluctuations, diesel
engine in low speed will stall, at high speed galloping. This to the normal operation of
diesel engine is adverse, so diesel engine installed governor should, according to the
change of load of governor, automatic adjust the flow of, so as to make the diesel engine in
the speed of the requirements to keep the stable operation. And the study of diesel engine
fuel supply characteristic curve and improve to know the performance of the governor
have crucial significance.
First, through the experiment in fuel injection pump on commissioning, test for data,
to carry on the analysis, thus rendering the curve. Then through the debugging main
parameters of fuel, study the shape of the curve trend, find out the on diesel engine power,
economy and exhaust gas emission effects. Put forward the improvement plan, in speed
under the condition of invariable, change rack trip, thus saving fuel. The new characteristic
curve in the reliability analysis.
Key words: governor speed regulation characteristic injection pump revolving speed
rack trip speed adjustment screws
目录
第 1 章 绪论..................................................................................................................1
1.1 课题研究的目的和意义 ......................................................................................1
1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................1
1.2.1 机械式调速器................................................................................................2
1.2.2 液压式调速器................................................................................................2
1.2.3 电子式调速器................................................................................................3
1.2.4 调速器的发展趋势........................................................................................5
1.3 论文的主要内容及创新 ......................................................................................5
1.3.1 论文的主要内容............................................................................................5
1.3.2 论文的创新....................................................................................................5
第 2 章 工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线的概述..............................................6
2.1 供油特性曲线 .....................................................................................................6
2.2 供油特性曲线的认识 .........................................................................................6
2.3 供油特性曲线对柴油机性能的影响 .................................................................6
第 3 章 燃油系喷油泵调试工艺对绘制供油特性曲线的影响..................................8
3.1 喷油泵的喷油量的调试 .....................................................................................8
3.2 燃油系喷油正时的检查 .....................................................................................9
3.3 燃油系喷油泵各缸供油间隔角的检查与调整 ...............................................10
第 4 章 工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线的绘制及分析................................11
4.1 试验准备 ...........................................................................................................11
4.1.1 试验条件.....................................................................................................11
4.1.2 试验设备.....................................................................................................12
4.1.3 试验前零部件的检查.................................................................................15
4.2 喷油泵与调速器的调试 ...................................................................................17
4.2.1 柱塞预行程的检查.....................................................................................17
4.2.2 校对控制齿条“零”点位置.....................................................................17
4.2.3 RAD 型调速器的调整 .............................................................................17
4.3 6A90Z 型喷油泵调速器供油特性曲线的绘制.............................................21
4.4 6A90Z 型喷油泵调速器特性曲线的改进.....................................................21
4.4.1 特性曲线的改进过程..................................................................................22
4.4.2 改进特性曲线的绘制(与原曲线对比图).............................................22
4.5 6A90Z 型喷油泵供油不均匀度的检查.........................................................23
第 5 章 工程机械柴油机燃油系供油特性曲线的可靠性分析................................24
5.1 动力性 ................................................................................................................24
5.2 经济性 ...............................................................................................................25
5.3 尾气排放 ...........................................................................................................26
第 6 章 结论与展望....................................................................................................27
6.1 结论 ...................................................................................................................27
6.2 展望 ...................................................................................................................27
参考文献......................................................................................................................28
致谢..............................................................................................................................29
附录 A 外文资料翻译..............................................................................................30
A1 英文 .................................................................................................................30
A2 译文.................................................................................................................36
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