iv
MSA 4
th
Edition Quick Guide
Type of
Measurement System
MSA Methods Chapter
Basic Variable
Range, Average & Range, ANOVA,
Bias, Linearity, Control Charts
III
Basic Attribute
Signal Detection,
Hypothesis Test Analyses
III
Non-Replicable
(e.g., Destructive Tests)
Alternate Approaches IV
Complex Variable
Range, Average & Range, ANOVA,
Bias Linearity Control Charts
III, IV
Multiple Systems, Gages
or Test Stands
Control Charts ANOVA Regression Analysis III, IV
Miscellaneous Alternate Approaches IV
Other
White Papers – available at
AIAG website (www.aiag.org)
NOTE: Regarding the use of the GRR standard deviation
Historically, by convention, a 99% spread has been used to represent the “full” spread of
measurement error, represented by a 5.15 multiplying factor (where
GRR
is multiplied by 5.15
to represent a total spread of 99%).
A 99.73% spread is represented by a multiplier of 6.0, which is
3
and represents the full
spread of a “normal” curve.
If the reader chooses to increase the coverage level, or spread, of the total measurement
variation to 99.73%, use 6.0 as a multiplier in place of 5.15 in the calculations.
Note: The approach used in the 4
th
Edition is to compare standard deviations. This is equivalent
to using the multiplier of 6 in the historical approach.
Awareness of which multiplying factor is used is crucial to the integrity of the equations and
resultant calculations. This is especially important if a comparison is to be made between
measurement system variability and the tolerance. Consequently, if an approach other than that
described in this manual is used, a statement of such must be stated clearly in any results or
summaries (particularly those provided to the customer)
.
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