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This “fast track” chapter highlights the basic approach taken by this guide to help you design and architect layered applications across a variety of application types and architecture styles. Use this chapter to understand the basic approach, application types, architecture styles, the quality attributes that impact application design, and the key engineering decisions to consider when designing application architecture.
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Application Architecture
Guide 2.0
Designing Applications on the .NET Platform
BETA 2
Information in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, is
subject to change without notice. Unless otherwise noted, the example companies,
organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places, and
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provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this
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2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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2
Application Architecture
Guide 2.0
patterns & practices
J.D. Meier
Alex Homer
David Hill
Jason Taylor
Prashant Bansode
Lonnie Wall
Rob Boucher Jr
Akshay Bogawat
3
Foreword by S. Somasegar
In using our own technologies to build Microsoft products, and working with customers and partners every
day we have developed practical guidance on how to use our technologies and application architecture
that is valuable to the Developer and IT Professional community. We have built the Application
Architecture Guide 2.0 to consolidate guidance that we have gathered from our internal practices,
external experts, customers, and others in the community to share with you.
This guide is a consolidated set of principles, patterns, and practices for designing application
architecture. The purpose of the guide is to help solution architects and developers design and build
more effective applications on the .NET platform and support top-level decision making at the early
stages of a new project as well as topic-specific content to help architects and developers improve their
existing solutions. This guidance incorporates the contributions and reviews of over fifteen external
experts and customers.
The Architecture Meta Frame is a conceptual framework used throughout the guide. By thinking about
applications in terms of scenarios, application types, architecture styles, and requirements, you can very
quickly determine relevant technologies, patterns, and solution assets. You can then use the Architecture
Frame as an additional lens to identify potential hot spots in your application architecture. For example,
by focusing on data access or validation, you can prototype and test potential solutions to figure out the
best approach for your scenario.
The guide includes a reference application architecture, common canonical application archetypes for
Web, rich client, RIA, mobile and services, architecture frames, quality attributes and design approach to
help you design your architecture.
To summarize, we are confident that
Application Architecture Guide 2.0
Sincerely,
will help you choose the right
architecture, choose the right technologies, make more effective design decisions, and choose relevant
patterns.
S. Somasegar
Senior Vice President of Developer Division
Microsoft
4
Introduction
Overview
The purpose of the Application Architecture Guide 2.0 is to improve your effectiveness when
building applications on the Microsoft platform. The primary audience is solution architects and
development leads. The guide provides design-level guidance for the architecture and design of
applications built on the .NET Platform. It focuses on the most common types of applications,
partitioning application functionality into layers, components, and services, and walks through
their key design characteristics.
The guidance is task-based and presented in parts that correspond to major architecture and
design focus points. It is designed to be used as a reference resource, or it can be read from
beginning to end. The guide is divided into the following four parts:
• Part I, "Fundamentals," provides you with the fundamentals to understand architecture
design techniques and strategies.
• Part II, "Design,” provides overarching design guidelines and practices that can be applied
to any application type or application layer, including how to design communication and
plan for services.
• Part III, "Layers,” provides architecture and design approaches; as well as practices for each
layer, including presentation, business, service, and data access layers.
• Part IV, "Archetypes,” provides patterns and design frames for each application archetype;
including service applications, Web applications, Rich Client applications, Rich Internet
applications, and mobile applications.
Why We Wrote This Guide
We wrote this guide to accomplish the following:
• To help you design more effective architectures on the .NET platform.
• To help you choose the right technologies
• To help you make more effective choices for key engineering decisions.
• To help you map appropriate strategies and patterns.
• To help you map relevant patterns & practices solution assets.
Scope
This guide provides principles, patterns, and practices for designing application architectures on
the .NET platform. It is a principle-based approach. The overall scope of the guide is shown in
Figure 1.
5
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