本科毕业设计（论文）
I
摘要
蔬菜的生长与温度密切相关，蔬菜大棚是农业发展中一项重要技术，它
对于蔬菜的产量提高有着非常重要的作用，尤其是在寒冷的地区，部分蔬
菜难以适应当地的气温，采用蔬菜大棚技术可以在这种环境下种植蔬菜，
其不仅可以增加当地农民的收入，同时对于我国农业的发展也有着很大的
促进作用，因此对蔬菜大棚温度控制系统的研究是一项十分有意义的课题。
为了提高蔬菜大棚的生产效应，实现温度自动控制，设计了蔬菜大棚温
度自动控制系统。本论文介绍了一种以微型单片机为主要控制器件，采用
AT89S51 单片机为核心控制器，运用 DS18B20 传感器对大棚温度进行采集，
通过 LCD1602 显示器对当前实时温度进行显示。该控制系统可以实时存储
相关的温度数据并记录当前的时间。主要包括硬件电路的设计和系统程序
的设计。硬件电路主要包括 STC89C52 单片机最小系统，测温电路、实时时
钟电路、LCD 液晶显示电路以及通讯模块电路等。系统程序主要包括主程序，
读出温度子程序，计算温度子程序、按键处理程序、LCD 显示程序以及数据
存储程序等。
本设计是通过单片机控制,来实现对蔬菜大棚温度进行自动控制。系统
以 AT89C52 单片机为基础,通过数字及模拟式对温度进行采集并检测，通过
显示屏显示当前温度。当采集到的温度高于系统设定值，马达将带动风扇
的转动，实现自动控制大棚里的温度。
关键词：单片机;STC89C52;DS1302;DS18B20;LCD1602
II
The Design of DS18B20 Digit Thermometer
ABSTRACT
Vegetables growth is closely related to temperature, vegetable greenhouses is
very important in the agricultural development of the technology, it rises to the
production of vegetables has a very important role, especially in cold areas, and some
vegetables is difficult to adapt to the local temperature, the vegetable greenhouses
technology can grow vegetables in this environment, it can not only increase the
income of local farmers, at the same time for the development of agriculture in our
country also has a great role in promoting, therefore the research of vegetable
greenhouse temperature control system is a very meaningful topic.
In order to improve the production effect of vegetable greenhouse, the
temperature automatic control system was designed. This paper introduces a kind of
miniature single chip microcomputer as the main control device, using AT89S51 as
the core controller, using DS18B20 sensors on the greenhouse temperature
acquisition, through LCD1602 display to display the current real-time temperature.
The control system can store the relevant temperature data in real time and record the
current time. Mainly include hardware circuit design and system program design. The
hardware circuit includes the minimum system of STC89C52 single chip
microcomputer, temperature measurement circuit, real-time clock circuit, LCD
display circuit and communication module circuit, etc. The system program mainly
includes main program, readout temperature subroutine, calculation of temperature
subroutine, key processing program, LCD display program and data storage program,
etc.
The design is controlled by single chip microcomputer to realize automatic
control of greenhouse temperature. The system is based on the AT89C52 single chip
microcomputer, and the temperature is collected and tested by digital and analog
methods, and the current temperature is displayed through the display screen. When
the collected temperature is higher than the set value of the system, the motor will
drive the fan and realize the automatic control of the temperature in the greenhouse.
本科毕业设计（论文）
III
keywords: Microcontroller Unit ; STC89C52;DS1302; DS18B20; D
本科毕业设计（论文）
IV
目录
摘要 …………………………………………………………………………………I
ABSTRACT ..........................................................II
第一章 设计任务及方案分析 ..........................................1
1.1 设计任务及要求 ................................................1
1.2 设计总体方案及方案论证 ........................................1
1.3 温度测量的方案与分析 ..........................................1
1.31 芯片选择 ...................................................1
1.32 实现方法简介 ...............................................2
1.33 方案设计 ...................................................2
第二章 芯片简介 ....................................................4
2.1 STC89C52 芯片简介 ............................................4
2.11 引脚功能说明 ...............................................4
2.2 DS18B20 简介 .................................................7
2.21 芯片简介 ...................................................7
2.22 DS18B20 外形和内部结构.....................................8
2.24 DS18B20 的工作时序.......................................11
2.25 DS18B20 与单片机的典型接口设计............................12
2．26 DS18B20 的各个 ROM 命令 .................................13
2.3 74HC595 简介.................................................15
2.31 芯片简介 ..................................................15
2.32 74HC595 特点：...........................................15
2.33 引脚图及各引脚功能 .......................................16
第三章 系统硬件电路的设计 .........................................17
3.1 主控制电路和测温控制电路原理图 ...............................17
3.2 驱动电路与显示电路模块原理图 .................................17
第四章 软件编程与功能调试 .........................................19
4.2 系统软件设计 .................................................19
4.2.1 系统软件设计整体思路 .....................................19
4.2.2 系统程序流图 .............................................20
4.3 系统的程序 ...................................................23
第四章 仿真分析与实物制作 .........................................51
4.1 PROTUES 软件简介 .............................................51
