MultiMediaCard
Product Manual
This manual covers the SanDisk MultiMediaCard which was developed by
SanDiskÕs Design Center located in Tefen, Israel. The MultiMediaCard
supports version 1.4 of the MultiMediaCard Specification.
®
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
140 Caspian Court
Sunnyvale, CA 94089-9820
408-542-0500
FAX: 408-542-0503
URL: http://www.sandisk.com
SanDisk MultiMediaCard Product Manual © 1999 SANDISK CORPORATION2
SanDisk
¨
Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where in a
failure or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or injury. Per SanDisk Terms and Conditions of Sale, the
user of SanDisk products in life support applications assumes all risk of such use and indemnifies SanDisk against all
damages.
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice.
SanDisk Corporation shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; nor for incidental or
consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
All parts of the SanDisk MultiMediaCard documentation are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved. This
documentation may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic
medium or machine readable form without prior consent, in writing, from SanDisk Corporation.
SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are registered trademarks of SanDisk Corporation.
Product names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks
of their respective companies.
© 1999 SanDisk Corporation. All rights reserved.
SanDisk products are covered or licensed under one or more of the following U.S. Patent Nos. 5,070,032; 5,095,344;
5,168,465; 5,172,338; 5,198,380; 5,200,959; 5,268,318; 5,268,870; 5,272,669; 5,418,752; 5,602,987. Other U.S. and
foreign patents awarded and pending.
Lit. No. 80-13-00089 Rev 1 4/99 Printed in U.S.A.
Revision History
¥ Revisions dated before 1/98Ñinitial release and general changes.
¥ Revision dated 1/98Ñgeneral editorial changes, manual reorganized, technical changes to reflect support of
MultiMediaCard Specification version 1.3, new timing diagrams added. Pin 6 definition changed in SPI mode from SPI
select to VSS2 (supply voltage ground).
¥ Revision dated 4/98Ñ changes reflect support of MultiMediaCard Specification version 1.4, updated timing for
Multiple Write with no Busy, updated SPI command class definition, added Error Protection section, changed
operating temperature specification to -25
°
to 85
°
C.
¥ Revision dated 4/28/98ÑUpdated C_SIZE and C_SIZE_MULT field definitions.
¥ Revision 1 dated 4/99ÑAdded 32 MB MultiMediaCard, general technical and editorial changes, added power up
section.
MultiMediaCard Product Manual
SanDisk MultiMediaCard Product Manual © 1999 SANDISK CORPORATION
3
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction to the MultiMediaCard...................................................................7
1.1 Scope...............................................................................................................................8
1.2 Product Models.................................................................................................................8
1.3 System Features...............................................................................................................8
1.4 MultiMediaCard Standard ..............................................................................................9
1.5 Functional Description .....................................................................................................9
1.5.1 Flash Technology Independence............................................................................9
1.5.2 Defect and Error Management...............................................................................9
1.5.3 Endurance .......................................................................................................... 10
1.5.4 Wear Leveling................................................................................................... 10
1.5.5 Using the Erase Command .................................................................................. 10
1.5.5.1 Limitations and Issues......................................................................... 10
1.5.6 Automatic Sleep Mode ....................................................................................... 10
1.5.7 Hot Insertion...................................................................................................... 10
1.5.8 MultiMediaCard Mode ......................................................................................11
1.5.8.1 MultiMediaCard Standard Compliance............................................... 11
1.5.8.2 Negotiating Operation Conditions....................................................... 11
1.5.8.3 Card Acquisition and Identification..................................................... 11
1.5.8.4 Card Status.........................................................................................11
1.5.8.5 Memory Array Partitioning................................................................. 11
1.5.8.6 Read and Write Operations................................................................. 12
1.5.8.7 Data Protection in the Flash Card....................................................... 13
1.5.8.8 Erase .................................................................................................. 13
1.5.8.9 Write Protection ................................................................................. 13
1.5.8.10 Copy Bit............................................................................................. 14
1.5.8.11 The CSD Register................................................................................ 14
1.5.9 SPI Mode ........................................................................................................... 14
1.5.9.1 Negotiating Operation Conditions....................................................... 14
1.5.9.2 Card Acquisition and Identification..................................................... 14
1.5.9.3 Card Status.........................................................................................14
1.5.9.4 Memory Array Partitioning................................................................. 14
1.5.9.5 Read and Write Operations................................................................. 14
1.5.9.6 Data Transfer Rate .............................................................................14
1.5.9.7 Data Protection in the MultiMediaCard.............................................. 14
1.5.9.8 Erase .................................................................................................. 14
1.5.9.9 Write Protection ................................................................................. 14
2.0 Product Specifications................................................................................15
2.1 System Environmental Specifications .............................................................................15
2.2 System Power Requirements............................................................................................ 15
2.3 System Performance ....................................................................................................... 15
2.4 System Reliability and Maintenance.............................................................................. 16
2.5 Physical Specifications.................................................................................................. 16
3.0 Installation .............................................................................................18
3.1 Mounting........................................................................................................................ 18
4.0 MultiMediaCard Interface Description..............................................................19
MultiMediaCard Product Manual
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Table of Contents (continued)
4.1 Physical Description...................................................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Pin Assignments in MultiMediaCard Mode.......................................................... 19
4.1.2 Pin Assignments in SPI Mode............................................................................... 19
4.2 MultiMediaCard Bus Topology....................................................................................... 19
4.2.1 Power Protection ................................................................................................ 20
4.2.2 Power Up........................................................................................................... 21
4.2.3 Programmable Card Output Driver..................................................................... 22
4.3 SPI Bus Topology............................................................................................................ 22
4.3.1 SPI Interface Concept ......................................................................................... 22
4.3.2 SPI Bus Topology................................................................................................ 22
4.4 Electrical Interface ........................................................................................................ 23
4.4.1 Bus Operating Conditions................................................................................... 23
4.4.1.2 Bus Signal Levels................................................................................ 24
4.4.1.2.1 Open-Drain Mode Bus Signal Level.......................................... 25
4.4.1.2.2 Push-Pull Mode Bus Signal Level............................................. 25
4.4.1.2.3 Bus Timing .............................................................................. 25
4.4.2 SPI Mode Bus Operating Conditions.................................................................... 26
4.5 MultiMediaCard Registers............................................................................................. 27
4.5.1 Operating Conditions Register (OCR)................................................................. 27
4.5.2 DSR Register ..................................................................................................... 27
4.5.3 Card Identification (CID) Register..................................................................... 28
4.5.4 CSD Register ..................................................................................................... 28
4.5.5 Status Register................................................................................................... 30
4.5.6 MultiMediaCard Registers in SPI Mode.............................................................. 32
5.0 MultiMediaCard Protocol Description ..............................................................33
5.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 33
5.2 Card Identification Mode............................................................................................... 34
5.2.1 Reset ................................................................................................................. 34
5.2.2 Operating Voltage Range Validation................................................................. 35
5.2.3 Card Identifcation Process.................................................................................. 35
5.3 Interrupt Mode............................................................................................................... 36
5.4 Data Transfer Mode ....................................................................................................... 36
5.4.1 Data Read Format ............................................................................................. 37
5.4.2 Data Write Format............................................................................................ 38
5.4.3 Clock Control..................................................................................................... 40
5.4.4 Error Conditions................................................................................................. 40
5.4.4.1 CRC and Illegal Command .................................................................. 40
5.4.4.2 Read, Write and Erase Time-out Conditions......................................... 41
5.5 Commands ..................................................................................................................... 41
5.5.1 Command Types................................................................................................. 41
5.5.2 Command Format............................................................................................... 42
5.5.3 Command Classes............................................................................................... 42
5.5.4 Detailed Command Description.......................................................................... 43
5.6 Card State Transition Table ........................................................................................... 48
5.7 Responses....................................................................................................................... 49
5.8 Card Register................................................................................................................. 51
5.8.1 OCR Register..................................................................................................... 51
MultiMediaCard Product Manual
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5
Table of Contents (continued)
5.8.2 CID Register...................................................................................................... 51
5.8.3 CSD Register ..................................................................................................... 52
5.8.4 RCA Register..................................................................................................... 58
5.9 Memory Array Partitioning............................................................................................ 58
5.10 Timings.......................................................................................................................... 60
5.10.1 Command and Response...................................................................................... 60
5.10.2 Data Read......................................................................................................... 61
5.10.3 Data Write........................................................................................................ 62
5.10.4 Timing Values.................................................................................................... 64
5.11 Error Protection.............................................................................................................. 65
5.11.1 Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRC)......................................................................... 65
6.0 SPI Protocol Definition...............................................................................67
6.1 SPI Bus Protocol ............................................................................................................. 67
6.1.1 Mode Selection................................................................................................... 67
6.1.2 Bus Transfer Protection....................................................................................... 68
6.1.2.1 Data Read.......................................................................................... 68
6.1.2.2 Data Write.........................................................................................69
6.1.2.3 Erase & Write Protect Management ..................................................... 69
6.1.2.4 Read CID/CSD Registers .................................................................... 70
6.1.2.5 Reset Sequence .................................................................................... 70
6.1.2.6 Error Conditions.................................................................................. 70
6.1.3 Memory Array Partitioning................................................................................ 70
6.2 SPI Command Set........................................................................................................... 71
6.2.1 Command Format............................................................................................... 71
6.2.1.1 Detailed Command Description........................................................... 72
6.2.2 Responses........................................................................................................... 74
6.2.2.1 Format R1........................................................................................... 74
6.2.2.2 Format R1b ......................................................................................... 74
6.2.2.3 Format R2........................................................................................... 75
6.2.2.4 Data Response .................................................................................... 75
6.2.3 Data Tokens....................................................................................................... 76
6.2.4 Data Error Token................................................................................................ 76
6.3 Card Registers ............................................................................................................... 76
6.4 SPI Bus Timing Diagrams ............................................................................................... 77
6.4.1 Command/Response ...........................................................................................77
6.4.2 Data Read......................................................................................................... 78
6.4.2.1 Data Write.........................................................................................78
6.4.3 Timing Values.................................................................................................... 78
6.5 SPI Electrical Interface .................................................................................................. 79
6.6 SPI Bus Operating Conditions......................................................................................... 79
6.7 Bus Timing..................................................................................................................... 79
6.8 Error Protection.............................................................................................................. 79
Ordering Information and Technical Support.............................................................81
Ordering Information .............................................................................................................. 83
MultiMediaCard ........................................................................................................... 83
Technical Support Services...................................................................................................... 84
