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RTO-MP-IST-055 2 - 1
Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment
Col. Dr. Murat Ucuncu
Lt. Jr. M. Umut Demirezen (M.Sc.)
Turkish General Staff Information Systems Division
Ankara
TURKEY
murat.ucuncu@tr.net
udemirezen@tsk.mil.tr
ABSTRACT
It is important to exchange meaningful and useful data in a multinational environment. However, several
nations have different data dictionary and data models. There are also cases where there are different
data models in a nation, e.g. The Army data model and the Navy data model could be different for their
information systems. In such cases, it is almost impossible to exchange data and utilize these data to
obtain a situation display.
Several techniques have been developed to take over this problem. One of them is database replication
and other is the Formatted Message approach. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Formatted Message Approach is used to exchange data among the different information systems in our
study.
We have developed an algorithm, which tries to handle this interoperability issue. In the algorithm, core
software is developed which checks all the received formatted messages and corrects the possible specific
errors according to ADatP-3 rules and inserts or updates the database with this received and corrected
data. Software can be thought as a gateway between the GIS application and National information
systems that send formatted messages. It converts formatted messages to database entries so that GIS
application can use the received data and display them.
The software developed was tested during Joint Warrior Interoperability Demonstration – 2003 (JWID-
03). During JWID-03, OWNSITREP (Own Situation Report), ENSITREP (Enemy Situation Report),
NAVSITSUM, (Naval Situation Summary) and NAVSITREP (Naval Situation Report) formatted messages
prepared and sent by almost 9 different nations, were received, parsed, filtered and recorded in an
ORACLE 9i database. ATCCIS (Baseline 11) data model was also implemented in the database side and
utilized in our software development.
IRIS IMT was used to model both the formatted message and the database. It is also used to record
received data via formatted messages. After each database insert or update, unit positions, unit
coordinates, battle of order information etc. are displayed on a GIS system (TACCIS).
In Conclusion, all the different formatted messages coming from different nations are possible to
processed and after the probable errors are corrected. Useful data is recorded to database to obtain a
Multinational Common Operational Picture, by the developed software.
Ucuncu, M.; Demirezen, M.U. (2006) Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment. In Information Fusion for Command
Support (pp. 2-1 – 2-10). Meeting Proceedings RTO-MP-IST-055, Paper 2. Neuilly-sur-Seine, France: RTO. Available from:
http://www.rto.nato.int/abstracts.asp.
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Report Documentation Page
Form Approved
OMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,
including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington
VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it
does not display a currently valid OMB control number.
1. REPORT DATE
01 DEC 2006
2. REPORT TYPE
N/A
3. DATES COVERED
-
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
Turkish General Staff Information Systems Division Ankara TURKEY
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release, distribution unlimited
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
See also ADM002031., The original document contains color images.
14. ABSTRACT
15. SUBJECT TERMS
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF
ABSTRACT
UU
18. NUMBER
OF PAGES
26
19a. NAME OF
RESPONSIBLE PERSON
a. REPORT
unclassified
b. ABSTRACT
unclassified
c. THIS PAGE
unclassified
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
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Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment
2 - 2 RTO-MP-IST-055
Introduction :
The term interoperability is defined in several ways. One of the definitions (US Joint Publication 1-
02) is repeated below;
“The ability of systems, units, or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems,
units, or forces, and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” [1]
For decision-making, the exchange of information between military organizations or nations is
fundamental. Three-level interoperability is defined in the literature. One of them is Link level. Link level
deals with the connection of communication systems. The second level is Information Exchange Level
which is about the use of the same language. The third interoperability level is the ambiguity level. There
must no ambiguity about the exchanged-information. That means, users have to understand and speak one
another without any problem. The information to be exchanged must therefore be concise, accurate, easy
to understand and unambiguous. To solve this problem a commonly agreed vocabulary is required. In
order to achieve a common agreed vocabulary, an artificial language can be created with a vocabulary
restricted to words (including abbreviations and codes) for which unambiguous meanings have been
agreed by all participants. This is particularly important in a multi-language community. Furthermore, the
sentence structure in this artificial language can be restricted to predetermined formats so that as much
information as possible is conveyed by the position of the words in the sentence. This common agreed
vocabulary also allows fully automated processing of information [3],[4].
In this study, Formatted Messages are implemented for the information exchange. Below firstly,
formatted message concept is summarized. In second part, Turkish Tactical Area Command and Control
Information System (TU-TACCIS) is mentioned shortly. Next, Modeling both Database and Formatted
Messages together with the full system architecture is cited. Finally, the developed software (TU Message
Parser) and its functionalities are explained.
1. Formatted Message Concept:
A “Formatted Message” is a character-oriented message body that is composed of “Set Formats” that
include one or more fields.
“Field Formats” have data code lists or data code ranges.
Both set and field formats can be repeated when required.
Formatted messages are defined by using certain rules and procedures. These rules and procedures
are included in NATO Allied Data Publication-3 (ADatP-3).
In formatted message concept; a paragraph is simulated as a formatted message body, sentences as
sets and words as fields.
ADatP-3 also includes formatted messages used for information exchange in NATO. These
formatted messages improve interoperability between different national and NATO authorities and
systems.
2. TU-TACCIS :
TACCIS is a situation monitoring and assessment tool with Intelligence, Operations and Logistics
Information System including crisis and message management systems.
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Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment
RTO-MP-IST-055 2 - 3
The primary use of TACCIS is to view and analyze order of battle information with Geographic
Information System (GIS) capabilities to form the Land and Event Recognized Picture (LRP/ERP).
Basic components of TACCIS are; an operational database, a Geographic Information System (GIS)
database, a Database Replication Mechanism, a Message and Crisis Management system and an
application software.
The TACCIS data model uses ATCCIS Baseline 2 Version 5.0.
3. Modeling and Mapping Database and Formatted Messages [8]
Modelling Database and Formatted Messages is vital to this study in that there has to be perfect
match between formatted message fields and database fields. To visualize this matching and mapping,
IRIS Information Modeling Tool (IRIS/IMT) used to model and map the fields.
The Information Modelling Tool (IMT) assists users in defining models and mappings between
models. The models represent data structures in a database or a formatted message. Models can be created
manually or generated automatically. A mapping specifies how to automatically move information
between models. Express and Express-X are used as modelling and mapping languages, respectively. IMT
is a general tool supporting a number of tasks involving modelling and transformation of data. IMT
includes functionality to automatically derive so-called data models from a variety of sources, such as
formatted messages and databases, and supports the specification of mappings between data models, i.e.
translation between different data formats. A mapping in IMT specifies a relationship between two data
models. A mapping specification is independent of the specific syntax of the source of the data model.
Examples of the mappings, which can be made by using the interfaces that are currently supported by IMT
are shown in Figure 1. Four formatted messages which were OWNSITREP, ENSITREP, NAVSITREP,
NAVSITSUM were used to model for this study. Naval Situation Summary (NUVSITSUM) IMT model
is illustrated in Figure 2.
Formatted
Message
DB
DB
Formatted
Message
Formatted
Message
Formatted
Message
DB
DB
Figure 1: IMT Mapping Capabilities
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/10981720/bg5.jpg)
Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment
2 - 4 RTO-MP-IST-055
Figure 2 NAVSITSUM IRIS/IMT Model
All possible message sets, segments, fields etc. are shown in the model. This approach, information
modeling, is very useful to visualize, see and recognize the whole picture of the information. ATCCIS
Baseline 2 Version 5.0 was also used to constitute physical database by ErWin 4.1 software with Oracle
9i. IMT Model of the generated database is shown in Figure 3. All tables from the generated database are
not shown in Figure 5 because not all the tables from the ATCCIS data model were needed for storing the
information receiving from the formatted messages mentioned above.
After modeling messages and the database, all necessary IMT scripts were written with IRIS/IMT
tool in Express-X language to map the information between formatted messages and the database. Some
mismatches and incompatibilities were also present but these problems and eradication methods are going
to explain in the error correction part elaborately.
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