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RTO-MP-IST-055 2 - 1

Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment

Col. Dr. Murat Ucuncu

Lt. Jr. M. Umut Demirezen (M.Sc.)

Turkish General Staff Information Systems Division

Ankara

TURKEY

murat.ucuncu@tr.net

udemirezen@tsk.mil.tr

ABSTRACT

It is important to exchange meaningful and useful data in a multinational environment. However, several

nations have different data dictionary and data models. There are also cases where there are different

data models in a nation, e.g. The Army data model and the Navy data model could be different for their

information systems. In such cases, it is almost impossible to exchange data and utilize these data to

obtain a situation display.

Several techniques have been developed to take over this problem. One of them is database replication

and other is the Formatted Message approach. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Formatted Message Approach is used to exchange data among the different information systems in our

study.

We have developed an algorithm, which tries to handle this interoperability issue. In the algorithm, core

software is developed which checks all the received formatted messages and corrects the possible specific

errors according to ADatP-3 rules and inserts or updates the database with this received and corrected

data. Software can be thought as a gateway between the GIS application and National information

systems that send formatted messages. It converts formatted messages to database entries so that GIS

application can use the received data and display them.

The software developed was tested during Joint Warrior Interoperability Demonstration – 2003 (JWID-

03). During JWID-03, OWNSITREP (Own Situation Report), ENSITREP (Enemy Situation Report),

NAVSITSUM, (Naval Situation Summary) and NAVSITREP (Naval Situation Report) formatted messages

prepared and sent by almost 9 different nations, were received, parsed, filtered and recorded in an

ORACLE 9i database. ATCCIS (Baseline 11) data model was also implemented in the database side and

utilized in our software development.

IRIS IMT was used to model both the formatted message and the database. It is also used to record

received data via formatted messages. After each database insert or update, unit positions, unit

coordinates, battle of order information etc. are displayed on a GIS system (TACCIS).

In Conclusion, all the different formatted messages coming from different nations are possible to

processed and after the probable errors are corrected. Useful data is recorded to database to obtain a

Multinational Common Operational Picture, by the developed software.

Ucuncu, M.; Demirezen, M.U. (2006) Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment. In Information Fusion for Command

Support (pp. 2-1 – 2-10). Meeting Proceedings RTO-MP-IST-055, Paper 2. Neuilly-sur-Seine, France: RTO. Available from:

http://www.rto.nato.int/abstracts.asp.

Click here to view PowerPoint presentation; Press Esc to exit

Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment

2 - 2 RTO-MP-IST-055

Introduction :

The term interoperability is defined in several ways. One of the definitions (US Joint Publication 1-

02) is repeated below;

“The ability of systems, units, or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems,

units, or forces, and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” [1]

For decision-making, the exchange of information between military organizations or nations is

fundamental. Three-level interoperability is defined in the literature. One of them is Link level. Link level

deals with the connection of communication systems. The second level is Information Exchange Level

which is about the use of the same language. The third interoperability level is the ambiguity level. There

must no ambiguity about the exchanged-information. That means, users have to understand and speak one

another without any problem. The information to be exchanged must therefore be concise, accurate, easy

to understand and unambiguous. To solve this problem a commonly agreed vocabulary is required. In

order to achieve a common agreed vocabulary, an artificial language can be created with a vocabulary

restricted to words (including abbreviations and codes) for which unambiguous meanings have been

agreed by all participants. This is particularly important in a multi-language community. Furthermore, the

sentence structure in this artificial language can be restricted to predetermined formats so that as much

information as possible is conveyed by the position of the words in the sentence. This common agreed

vocabulary also allows fully automated processing of information [3],[4].

In this study, Formatted Messages are implemented for the information exchange. Below firstly,

formatted message concept is summarized. In second part, Turkish Tactical Area Command and Control

Information System (TU-TACCIS) is mentioned shortly. Next, Modeling both Database and Formatted

Messages together with the full system architecture is cited. Finally, the developed software (TU Message

Parser) and its functionalities are explained.

1. Formatted Message Concept:

A “Formatted Message” is a character-oriented message body that is composed of “Set Formats” that

include one or more fields.

“Field Formats” have data code lists or data code ranges.

Both set and field formats can be repeated when required.

Formatted messages are defined by using certain rules and procedures. These rules and procedures

are included in NATO Allied Data Publication-3 (ADatP-3).

In formatted message concept; a paragraph is simulated as a formatted message body, sentences as

sets and words as fields.

ADatP-3 also includes formatted messages used for information exchange in NATO. These

formatted messages improve interoperability between different national and NATO authorities and

systems.

2. TU-TACCIS :

TACCIS is a situation monitoring and assessment tool with Intelligence, Operations and Logistics

Information System including crisis and message management systems.

Formatted Message Exchange in a Multinational Environment

RTO-MP-IST-055 2 - 3

The primary use of TACCIS is to view and analyze order of battle information with Geographic

Information System (GIS) capabilities to form the Land and Event Recognized Picture (LRP/ERP).

Basic components of TACCIS are; an operational database, a Geographic Information System (GIS)

database, a Database Replication Mechanism, a Message and Crisis Management system and an

application software.

The TACCIS data model uses ATCCIS Baseline 2 Version 5.0.

3. Modeling and Mapping Database and Formatted Messages [8]

Modelling Database and Formatted Messages is vital to this study in that there has to be perfect

match between formatted message fields and database fields. To visualize this matching and mapping,

IRIS Information Modeling Tool (IRIS/IMT) used to model and map the fields.

The Information Modelling Tool (IMT) assists users in defining models and mappings between

models. The models represent data structures in a database or a formatted message. Models can be created

manually or generated automatically. A mapping specifies how to automatically move information

between models. Express and Express-X are used as modelling and mapping languages, respectively. IMT

is a general tool supporting a number of tasks involving modelling and transformation of data. IMT

includes functionality to automatically derive so-called data models from a variety of sources, such as

formatted messages and databases, and supports the specification of mappings between data models, i.e.

translation between different data formats. A mapping in IMT specifies a relationship between two data

models. A mapping specification is independent of the specific syntax of the source of the data model.

Examples of the mappings, which can be made by using the interfaces that are currently supported by IMT

are shown in Figure 1. Four formatted messages which were OWNSITREP, ENSITREP, NAVSITREP,

NAVSITSUM were used to model for this study. Naval Situation Summary (NUVSITSUM) IMT model

is illustrated in Figure 2.

Formatted

Message

Formatted

Message

Formatted

Message

Formatted

Message

Figure 1: IMT Mapping Capabilities

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