Oracle9i: Real Application
Clusters
Student Guide
12837GC10
Prod 1.0
January 2002
D34316
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Author
David Austin
Technical Contributors
and Reviewers
Mark Bauer
Tammy Bednar
Jack Cai
Michael Cebulla
Sashikanth
Chandrasekaran
Jonathan Creighton
Norbert Debes
Joel Goodman
Arturo Gutierrez
Bill Kehoe
Tamas Kerepes
Roland Knapp
Vijay Lunawat
Barb Lundhild
Peter Sharman
Tak Wang
Publisher
Christine Markusic
Preface
Introduction
Oracle9i: Real Application Clusters I-1
Overview I-2
What Is a Cluster? I-3
What Is Oracle9i Real Application Clusters? I-4
Optional Schedule I-5
Student Preface I-6
1 Architecture
Objectives 1-2
Cluster Hardware Components 1-3
Nodes 1-4
Interconnect 1-6
Shared Disk Subsystem 1-7
Cluster Software 1-9
Cluster Manager 1-10
Interprocess Communication Software 1-11
Real Application Clusters Components 1-12
Disk Access 1-13
Global Services Daemon 1-15
Background Processes 1-16
Global Enqueue Service Monitor 1-17
Global Enqueue Service Daemon 1-18
Global Cache Service Processes 1-19
LCK Process 1-20
Diagnosability Daemon 1-21
Practice Overview: Identifying Components of Real Application Clusters 1-22
Summary 1-23
2 Installation and Conversion
Objectives 2-2
Preliminary Cluster Preparations 2-3
Cluster Files or Partitions for Default Database 2-5
Global Services Daemon 2-6
Information Repository for the Database Server Configuration 2-7
Installation Options 2-8
OUI Database Configuration Types 2-9
Additional Installation Considerations 2-10
Contents
iii
Migrate to Oracle9i Real Application Clusters 2-11
Convert a Single Instance to Real Application Clusters 2-12
Configure Hardware 2-13
Evaluate Tablespace Requirements 2-14
Evaluate Log File Requirements 2-15
Create Shared File System or Raw Devices 2-16
Extract Data from Old Database 2-17
Installation Steps 2-18
Create the Database 2-19
Load Data into New Database 2-21
Adjust Parameters 2-22
Start the Database 2-23
Additional Migration Considerations 2-24
Practice Overview: Modifying a Database to Support a Second Instance 2-25
Summary 2-26
3 Management and Configuration Tools
Objectives 3-2
GSD Management 3-3
Server Control Utility 3-4
SRVCTL Command Syntax 3-5
SRVCTL Cluster Database Configuration Tasks 3-6
Add and Delete Databases 3-7
Add and Delete Instances 3-8
Move and Rename Instances 3-9
Store and Remove Environment Data 3-10
SRVCTL Cluster Database Tasks 3-11
Starting Databases and Instances 3-12
Stopping Databases and Instances 3-14
Inspect Status of Cluster Database 3-15
Inspect Database Configuration Information 3-16
Enterprise Manager and Cluster Databases 3-17
Displaying Objects in the Navigator Pane 3-18
Starting a Cluster Database 3-19
Stopping a Cluster Database 3-20
Status Details Tab 3-21
Viewing Cluster Database Status 3-22
Job Management for a Cluster Database or Instance 3-24
Registering Cluster Database Events 3-25
Parameter Files in Cluster Databases 3-26
Create and Manage Server Parameter File 3-27
Parameter File Search Order 3-28
Practice Overview: Employing Database Configuration and Mgt. Tools 3-29
Summary 3-30
iv
4 Scalability and Cache Fusion
Objectives 4-2
Levels of Scalability 4-3
Scaleup and Speedup 4-3
Speedup and Scaleup for Different Types of Workloads 4-5
Load Balancing with Oracle Net Services 4-6
Client Load Balancing 4-7
Connection Load Balancing 4-8
Example of Connection Load Balancing 4-9
Service and Instance Names 4-10
Adaptive Parallel Query 4-11
Cache Fusion 4-12
Cache Fusion Model 4-13
Global Cache Service Resource Modes 4-14
Global Cache Service Resource Roles 4-15
Cache Fusion Block Transfers: Example Overview 4-16
Example 1: Read with No Transfer 4-17
Example 2: Read to Write Transfer 4-21
Example 3: Write to Write Transfer 4-25
Example 4: Write to Read Transfer 4-29
Block Transfers in Real Application Clusters 4-33
Configure Multiblock Locks 4-34
Notes on Using Multiblock Locks 4-35
Practice Overview: Working Across Multiple Instances 4-36
Summary 4-37
5 High Availability Considerations
Objectives 5-2
High Availability Features 5-3
Cache Resource Remastering 5-4
Automatic Resource Remastering 5-5
LMON and Cluster Reorganization 5-6
Example 5-7
Instance Transition and Recovery 5-9
Global Resource Directory Reconfiguration and Cache Recovery 5-10
High Availability Design Considerations 5-11
Change Management 5-12
Configure Redundant Hardware 5-13
Primary and Secondary Instances 5-14
Spare Nodes 5-15
Parameters for High Availability 5-16
Oracle9i Data Guard 5-19
Standby Database Real Application Clusters Support 5-20
Log Transport Services: Standby Database Set Up 5-21
Log Transport Services: Primary Database Setup 5-22
v
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