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Oracle9i Directory Service Integration and Deployment Guide Release 2 (9.2)
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Oracle9
i
Directory Service Integration and Deployment Guide
Release 2 (9.2)
March 2002
Part No. A96579-01
Oracle9i Directory Service Integration and Deployment Guide, Release 2 (9.2)
Part No. A96579-01
Copyright © 2002 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Henry Abrecht
Graphic Artist: Valarie Moore
Contributors: Deanna Bradshaw, Torrance Brooksfuller, Kristy Browder, Montgomery Close, Michael
Cowan, Cheng Han, Marilyn Hollinger, Cynthia Kibbe, Ashish Kolli, Nina Lewis, Michael Mesaros,
Janaki Narasinghanallur, David Saslav, Daniele Schechter, Richard Smith, Uppili Srinivasan, Deborah
Steiner, Rama Vissapragada, Wei Wang, Rodney Ward, and Daniel Wong
The Programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information of
Oracle Corporation; they are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and
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to obtain interoperability with other independently created software or as specified by law, is prohibited.
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iii
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Send Us Your Comments................................................................................................................. xiii
Preface........................................................................................................................................................... xv
Audience ............................................................................................................................................... xvi
Organization......................................................................................................................................... xvi
Related Documentation ..................................................................................................................... xvii
Conventions........................................................................................................................................ xviii
Documentation Accessibility ........................................................................................................... xxiv
1 The Oracle Directory Environment
The Importance of LDAP to Oracle Products................................................................................ 1-2
What Directories Do Oracle Products Work With?...................................................................... 1-2
LDAP-Enabled Oracle Products....................................................................................................... 1-2
Oracle Internet Directory .................................................................................................................. 1-4
Integrating Oracle Products with Third-Party Directories......................................................... 1-5
2 Directory Server Concepts
What Is a Directory?........................................................................................................................... 2-2
What Is an Online Directory?........................................................................................................... 2-2
Directories and Relational Databases Compared......................................................................... 2-2
Read-to-Write Ratio .............................................................................................................. 2-3
Data Units............................................................................................................................... 2-3
iv
Distribution ............................................................................................................................ 2-3
Entries...................................................................................................................................... 2-4
Typical Directory Applications........................................................................................................ 2-4
The Benefits of Standards-Based Online Directories.................................................................. 2-4
What Is LDAP? .................................................................................................................................... 2-5
The Benefits of LDAP................................................................................................................... 2-5
LDAP Version 3 ............................................................................................................................ 2-6
C LDAP API................................................................................................................................... 2-7
LDIF................................................................................................................................................ 2-7
Directory Information Flow: An Example...................................................................................... 2-8
Directory Components and Features............................................................................................... 2-9
Entries............................................................................................................................................. 2-9
Attributes ..................................................................................................................................... 2-11
Types of Attributes..................................................................................................................... 2-11
Attribute Syntaxes and Matching Rules.................................................................................. 2-12
Foreign-Language Options for Attributes .............................................................................. 2-13
Object Classes.............................................................................................................................. 2-13
Types of Object Classes.............................................................................................................. 2-14
Structural Object Classes.................................................................................................... 2-14
Auxiliary Object Classes..................................................................................................... 2-14
Abstract Object Classes....................................................................................................... 2-15
Creating New Object Classes and Redefining Old Ones...................................................... 2-15
Naming Contexts........................................................................................................................ 2-15
Schema.......................................................................................................................................... 2-16
Security......................................................................................................................................... 2-17
Authentication ..................................................................................................................... 2-17
Access Control Lists ............................................................................................................ 2-17
The Oracle Context........................................................................................................................... 2-19
3 Planning and Deployment Guidelines
What Do You Put in a Directory?..................................................................................................... 3-2
Designing an Effective Directory Tree and Choosing Entry Names......................................... 3-2
Physically Distributing the Directory: Partitions and Replicas ................................................ 3-3
Reasons to Replicate..................................................................................................................... 3-3
Reasons to Partition...................................................................................................................... 3-4
v
Designing for High Availability and Failover.............................................................................. 3-4
Capacity Planning, Sizing, and Tuning.......................................................................................... 3-5
Capacity Planning ........................................................................................................................ 3-5
Sizing.............................................................................................................................................. 3-5
Tuning ........................................................................................................................................... 3-6
Designing Directory Security........................................................................................................... 3-7
4 Deploying Oracle Products with Oracle Internet Directory
Oracle Net Services............................................................................................................................. 4-2
How Oracle Net Services Uses Oracle Internet Directory...................................................... 4-3
Oracle Net Services Entries Under the Oracle Context........................................................... 4-5
Security Measures for Oracle Net Services Entries.................................................................. 4-9
Directory Deployment Factors for Oracle Net Services.......................................................... 4-9
Oracle Advanced Security............................................................................................................... 4-11
How Oracle Advanced Security Uses Oracle Internet Directory........................................ 4-11
Central Management of User Authentication Credentials............................................ 4-11
Central Management of User Authorizations................................................................. 4-11
Mappings to Shared Schemas............................................................................................ 4-12
Single Password Authentication....................................................................................... 4-12
Single Sign-On ..................................................................................................................... 4-12
Central Storage of PKI Credentials................................................................................... 4-12
Oracle Advanced Security Entries Under the Oracle Context............................................. 4-12
Security Measures for Oracle Advanced Security Entries.................................................... 4-14
Directory Deployment Factors for Oracle Advanced Security............................................ 4-15
Application Context ......................................................................................................................... 4-16
How Application Context Uses Oracle Internet Directory .................................................. 4-16
Application Context Entries Under the Oracle Context ....................................................... 4-17
Security Measures for Application Context Entries.............................................................. 4-19
Oracle Advanced Queuing.............................................................................................................. 4-20
How Oracle Advanced Queuing Uses Oracle Internet Directory....................................... 4-20
Oracle Advanced Queuing Entries Under the Oracle Context............................................ 4-21
Security Measures for Oracle Advanced Queuing Entries................................................... 4-22
Directory Deployment Factors for Oracle Advanced Queuing........................................... 4-22
Oracle Dynamic Services................................................................................................................. 4-23
How Oracle Dynamic Services Uses Oracle Internet Directory .......................................... 4-25
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