人工智能-图像处理-基于数字图像处理技术的非饱和粉土坡面降雨非正交入渗机理研究.pdf资源-CSDN文库

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ABSTRACT

Unsaturated soil slope are the most common in nature and engineering practice.

Seepage results from rainfall, leading to slope deformation and instability, which is

the root cause of landslides. Resulting from rainfall, seepage which leads to slope

deformation and instability is also the root cause of landslides. Given this, it is of vital

importance to study water infiltration mechanism at the condition of rainfall. Whereas

in existing theory, it is common to do the flow orthogonal decomposition in

accordance with the slope angle and regard it as second boundary condition in

seepage analysis when dealing with rainfall infiltration. This theory is called

orthogonal theory. However, it is observably different from reality.

The silt soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) was obtained and the unsaturated

hydraulic conductivity under various matrix suction was derived through SWCC

pressure meter. It can be seen from the results: the smaller the matrix suction, the

greater the soil void ratio, and the greater the permeability coefficient. But when the

matrix suction reaches a certain value, the greater the soil void ratio, while the smaller

the permeability coefficient.

The paper researched the effects of rainfall intensity, soil compactness and slope

angle on infiltration mode through unsaturated silt laboratory rainfall model test. The

tests shows that: (1) with the increase of rainfall intensity, the seepage of the test cell

slope surface, the seepage of the bottom and the seepage of the side are increased with

faster production rate; (2) the larger the soil void ratio, the smaller the seepage of the

test cell slope, the larger the seepage of the bottom and the side; (3)when the rainfall

intensity is constant, the greater the slope, the smaller the seepage of the slope, the

bottom and the side.

The second part of the work was taking use of the SEEP/W module of GeoStudio

for numerical simulation about unsaturated silt laboratory model test. Comparing the

numerical results and the experimental results, we can see: traditional orthogonal

theory adopted in numerical calculation leads to the great difference between the

runoff via numerical calculation and the runoff via experiment. In the initial of rainfall,

the runoff via numerical calculation is greater than the runoff via experiment, in the

latter, the result is on the contrary, which leads to the surface infiltration via numerical

第一章绪论 .................................................................................................. 1

1.1 问题的提出 ........................................................................................ 1

1.2 研究现状 ............................................................................................. 2

1.2.1 土水特征曲线研究现状 .............................................................. 2

1.2.2 降雨入渗研究现状 ...................................................................... 4

1.2.3 数字图像处理技术在岩土工程中的运用 .................................. 5

1.3 本文的研究内容及创新之处 ................................................................. 6

1.3.1 本文研究内容 .............................................................................. 6

1.3.2 本文创新之处 .............................................................................. 7

第二章粉土水特征曲线及非饱和渗透系数 ................................. 8

2.1 概述 ...................................................................................................... 8

2.2 土水特征曲线的基本概念 ............................................................ 8

2.3 土水特征曲线试验仪器原理及其特点 ..................................... 9

2.3.1 Fredlund SWCC 压力仪的试验原理 .......................................... 9

2.3.2 轴平移技术的原理 ...................................................................... 9

2.3.3 高进气值陶瓷板的工作原理 .................................................... 10

2.3.4 Fredlund SWCC 压力仪的特点 ................................................ 10

2.4 试验内容 ........................................................................................... 12

2.4.1 土样的制作与饱和 .................................................................... 12

2.4.2 SWCC 压力仪水体变管的标定 ............................................... 13

2.4.3 土样的制备 ................................................................................ 13

2.4.4 加载 ............................................................................................ 14

2.4.5 试验结果分析 ............................................................................ 16

2.5 粉土非饱和渗透系数的推定 ...................................................... 19

2.5.1 土体相对渗透系数 .................................................................... 19

2.5.2 粉土饱和渗透系数的测量 ........................................................ 21

2.5.3 非饱和渗透系数的推定 ............................................................ 23

2.6 本章小结 ........................................................................................... 24

第三章非饱和粉土坡面降雨入渗模型试验研究 ..................... 26

3.1 概述 .................................................................................................... 26

3.2 降雨模型试验装置 ........................................................................ 26

3.2.1 试验底座 .................................................................................... 27

3.2.2 试验槽 ........................................................................................ 28

3.2.3 人工模拟降雨设备 .................................................................... 28

3.2.4 流量控制设备 ............................................................................ 29

3.2.5 量测系统 .................................................................................... 30

3.2.6 图像采集设备 ............................................................................ 30

3.3 试验内容及试验步骤 .................................................................... 30

3.3.1 降雨强度的标定 ........................................................................ 30

3.3.2 土样的制取及填充 .................................................................... 30

3.3.3 模拟降雨并采集图像和实验数据 ............................................ 32

3.4 试验结果分析 .................................................................................. 32

3.4.1 降雨强度对入渗的影响 ............................................................ 33

3.4.2 孔隙比对入渗的影响 ................................................................ 36

3.4.3 坡面角度对入渗的影响 ............................................................ 39

3.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................... 41

第四章非饱和粉土降雨入渗有限元数值分析 .......................... 43

4.1 SEEP/W 软件的特点及功能介绍 ............................................. 43

4.2 SEEP/W 软件原理 ......................................................................... 44

4.2.1 达西定律 .................................................................................... 44

4.2.2 SEEP/W 有限元公式的控制方程 ............................................. 44

4.2.3 SEEP/W 有限元渗流方程 ......................................................... 45

4.3 SEEP/W 软件降雨入渗数值模拟 ............................................. 46

4.3.1 几何模型的建立和网格的划分 ................................................ 46

4.3.2 材料模型性质的定义和边界条件的添加 ................................ 47

4.3.3 数值计算结果的提取 ................................................................ 49

4.4 数值计算结果与试验结果的对比分析 ................................... 50

4.4.1 SEEP/W 中降雨强度对入渗的影响 ......................................... 50

4.4.2 SEEP/W 中孔隙比对入渗的影响 ............................................. 54

4.4.3 SEEP/W 中坡面角度对入渗的影响 ......................................... 57

4.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................... 60

第五章基于数字图像处理的降雨入渗模式研究 ..................... 61

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