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MATLAB 入门教程 MATLAB 是一种高性能的数学计算软件，广泛应用于科学计算、数据分析、算法设计等领域。 MATLAB 提供了丰富的功能和工具，帮助用户快速实现数据处理、可视化和分析任务。本教程将为读者提供一个详细的 MATLAB 入门教程，包括基本概念、数据类型、操作符、控制流程、函数和图形化等方面的知识点。 1. MATLAB 基础概念 MATLAB 是一种基于矩阵的数学计算软件，提供了丰富的数学函数和工具。 MATLAB 的主要特点包括： * 矩阵运算：MATLAB 支持高效的矩阵运算，包括矩阵加法、矩阵乘法、矩阵逆运算等。 * 图形化：MATLAB 提供了丰富的图形化工具，包括二维图形、三维图形、图表等。 * 编程语言：MATLAB 有自己的编程语言，支持循环、判断、函数等编程概念。 2. MATLAB 数据类型 MATLAB 支持多种数据类型，包括： * 数值类型：包括整数、浮点数、复数等。 * 字符串类型：包括字符串、字符数组等。 * 逻辑类型：包括 true 和 false 值。 * 结构体类型：包括结构体、 cell 数组等。 3. MATLAB 操作符 MATLAB 提供了丰富的操作符，包括： * 算术操作符：包括加法、减法、乘法、除法等。 * 比较操作符：包括等于、不等于、大于、小于等。 * 逻辑操作符：包括与、或、非等。 4. MATLAB 控制流程 MATLAB 提供了丰富的控制流程语句，包括： * 条件语句：包括 if 语句、switch 语句等。 * 循环语句：包括 for 循环、while 循环等。 *跳转语句：包括 break 语句、continue 语句等。 5. MATLAB 函数 MATLAB 提供了丰富的函数，包括： * 内置函数：包括数学函数、统计函数、图形化函数等。 * 用户定义函数：用户可以自定义函数来实现特定的计算任务。 6. MATLAB 图形化 MATLAB 提供了丰富的图形化工具，包括： * 二维图形：包括线图、散点图、柱形图等。 * 三维图形：包括三维散点图、三维曲面图等。 * 图表：包括柱形图、饼图、折线图等。 7. MATLAB 实践本教程还提供了一些实践经验，包括： * 如何启动 MATLAB * 如何输入命令 * 如何使用帮助文档 * 如何 Debug 程序通过本教程，读者将获得基本的 MATLAB 使用技能，能够快速地实现数据处理、可视化和分析任务。

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Resampling Stats in MATLAB 1

This document is an excerpt from

Resampling Stats in MATLAB

Daniel T. Kaplan

This document diﬀers from the published book in pagi-

nation and in the omission (unintentional, but unavoid-

able for technical reasons) of ﬁgures and cross-references

from the book. It is provided as a courtesy to those

who wish to examine the book, but not intended as a re-

placement for the published book, which is available from

Resampling Stats, Inc.

www.resample.com

703-522-2713

Appendix: Tutorial Introduction to MATLAB

This appendix provides a brief introduction to MATLAB for the com-

plete novice. By following the steps in this tutorial you will learn all

that you need to know to start at the beginning of the book using the

Resampling Stats functions. You do not need to know anything at all

about MATLAB to follow this tutorial. (For a more extensive intro-

duction to the various capabilities of MATLAB that go beyond Resam-

pling Stats, see Reference [?] or one of the on-line tutorials available at

http://www.mathworks.com.)

Following this tutorial will be most eﬀective if you do so with a

computer. In the following, the  sign indicates something that you

should type into the machine. After you press enter, the computer

will print a response. We haven’t shown that response here in order to

encourage you to type in the commands yourself. Typing in the examples

not only will help you to remember the various commands in MATLAB,

but also serves as a self-checking exercise: before typing a command

write down what you think the answer will be, and compare this to the

answer that the computer gives. Remember that the computer is by

deﬁnition correct: if the computer’s answer diﬀers from your own, it

is either because you have not completely understood the command or

because you typed in the command incorrectly.

Step 1: Starting MATLAB

Exactly how you do this depends on how your computer is set up. On

Windows machines, MATLAB will generally be found in the Start/Programs

menu. On UNIX computers, you may simply need to type matlab at

2 Resampling Stats in MATLAB

the shell prompt. In either case, after starting MATLAB you should be

looking at the “MATLAB Command Window” which will prompt you

with . If MATLAB hasn’t been installed on your computer, follow the

instructions that come with MATLAB to carry out the installation.

Step 2: Create a variable and assign it a value

MATLAB deals primarily with numbers and collections of numbers

called “vectors” and “matrices.” If you have written a computer program

before, you are familiar with the concepts of variables and values. A

variable is a container that holds a value. In MATLAB, the value is

typically a number or a vector or matrix of numbers. Each variable

has a name, such as var1 or diastolic or data. There are four things

you do with variables: create them, assign them a value, changed the

assigned value, and use the value that has already been assigned.

The following command creates a variable named a and assigns it the

value 7. To execute the command, type the command at the prompt ()

and press Enter. (You do not have to type the prompt: the computer

produces this for you.)

 a = 7

ans: a = 7

Variables can be named just about anything you like, with the following

restrictions: there should be no spaces in the name; the name should

start with a letter; only letters and numbers and the underscore (_).

Thus, adog and a dog are valid names, but a dog is not, nor is a-dog.

Some names are reserved by MATLAB for “keywords,” and you may

not use them for variable names. Examples of keywords are for, while,

end, function, and return. These are part of the language itself. If you

use a key word as a variable name, you will get an error message from

MATLAB.

Other names have already been given a meaning as functions in MAT-

LAB such as sum, count, min and so on. It is best to avoid using such

names since doing so will mask their original meaning. With experience,

you will learn what names are legitimate and what aren’t. For beginners,

you may want to stick to simple names like a, x, y, z, y2, etc.

You can see a list of the variables you have deﬁned by giving the

command

 who

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