2020 年 9
月 电 工 技 术 学 报 Vol.35 No. 17
第 35 卷第 17 期 TRANSACTIONS OF CHINA ELECTROTECHNICAL SOCIETY Sep. 2020
DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.190996
基于软启动的变压器励磁涌流抑制方法
李春艳 周念成 王强钢 廖建权 魏能峤
（输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室（重庆大学） 重庆 400044）
摘要 变压器空载合闸时一次绕组可能产生幅值很高的励磁涌流，这会对变压器自身和电网
稳定运行造成不利影响，甚至导致继电保护装置误动作。该文分析了变压器励磁涌流产生的机理，
结合反并联晶闸管和滤波电路组成的涌流抑制器，提出了一种基于软启动的变压器涌流抑制方法。
针对反并联晶闸管导通过程产生奇次谐波的特点，对比分析涌流抑制器的高阶阻尼滤波、高阶阻尼
陷波等电路的滤波效果，选取含 RC 阻容阻尼的高阶陷波电路作为滤波器，并对其参数进行优化设
计。再将反并联晶闸管与滤波器串联，结合变压器端电压闭环反馈控制构建基于软启动的励磁涌流
抑制方案，通过变压器端电压平滑启动实现励磁涌流的主动抑制。基于 Matlab/Simulink 建立不同
联结方式下三相变压器组、三相三柱式变压器的励磁涌流抑制器模型，验证该方法的有效性。
关键词：励磁涌流 涌流抑制器 三相变压器 反并联晶闸管
中图分类号：TM77
A Method to Eliminate Transformer Inrush Currents Using
Soft-Starter-Based Controlled Energization
Li Chunyan Zhou Niancheng Wang Qianggang Liao Jianquan Wei Nengqiao
（State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology
Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China）
Abstract When the transformer was closed at no load, the primary winding would generate a large
amplitude of inrush current, which adversely affected the transformer and the stable operation of the
power grid, and even caused the relay protection device to malfunction. In this paper, the mechanism of
inrush current was analyzed. Based on the inrush current suppressor composed of an anti-parallel
thyristor and a filter circuit, an inrush current suppression method was proposed. The odd-order
harmonics were mainly generated during the anti-parallel thyristor conduction. Based on this
characteristic, the filtering effects of a high-order damping filter and a high-order damping trap filter
were compared. The high-order trap circuit with RC resistance-capacitance damping was selected as the
filter in this paper, and its parameters were optimized. Then, the anti-parallel thyristor was connected in
series with the filter, and the closed-loop feedback control of the terminal voltage was used to construct
the inrush current suppression scheme based on soft starter. The active suppression of the inrush current
was realized by the smooth start of the transformer terminal voltage. Based on Matlab/Simulink, the
inrush current suppressor of three-phase transformer groups and three-phase three-column transformer
under different wiring modes was established to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Keywords：Magnetizing inrush current, inrush current suppresser, three-phase transformer, anti-
parallel thyristor
国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目（U1866603）。
收稿日期 2019-08-10 改稿日期 2020-03-01
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