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SX1276/77/78/79

www.semtech.comPage 1

WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING DATASHEET

SX1276/77/78/79 - 137 MHz to 1020 MHz Low Power Long Range Transceiver

Rev. 4 - March 2015

The SX1276/77/78/79 transceivers feature the LoRa

long

range modem that provides ultra-long range spread

spectrum communication and high interference immunity

whilst minimising current consumption.

Using Semtech’s patented LoRa

modulation technique

SX1276/77/78/79 can achieve a sensitivity of over -148dBm

using a low cost crystal and bill of materials. The high

sensitivity combined with the integrated +20 dBm power

amplifier yields industry leading link budget making it

optimal for any application requiring range or robustness.

LoRa

also provides significant advantages in both

blocking and selectivity over conventional modulation

techniques, solving the traditional design compromise

between range, interference immunity and energy

consumption.

These devices also support high performance (G)FSK

modes for systems including WMBus, IEEE802.15.4g. The

SX1276/77/78/79 deliver exceptional phase noise,

selectivity, receiver linearity and IIP3 for significantly lower

current consumption than competing devices.

 QFN 28 Package - Operating Range [-40;+85°C]

 Pb-free, Halogen free, RoHS/WEEE compliant product

 LoRa

Modem

 168 dB maximum link budget

 +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs. V supply

 +14 dBm high efficiency PA

 Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps

 High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm

 Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -11 dBm

 Excellent blocking immunity

 Low RX current of 9.9 mA, 200 nA register retention

 Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz

 FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRa

and OOK modulation

 Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery

 Preamble detection

 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI

 Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC

 Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC

 Built-in temperature sensor and low battery indicator

 Automated Meter Reading.

 Home and Building Automation.

 Wireless Alarm and Security Systems.

 Industrial Monitoring and Control

 Long range Irrigation Systems

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

ORDERING INFORMATION

Part Number Delivery MOQ / Multiple

SX1276IMLTRT T&R 3000 pieces

SX1277IMLTRT T&R 3000 pieces

SX1278IMLTRT T&R 3000 pieces

SX1279IMLTRT T&R 3000 pieces

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

www.semtech.comPage 2

Section Page

Table of contents

SX1276/77/78/79

WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING DATASHEET

Rev. 4 - March 2015

1. General Description ................................................................................................................................................. 9

1.1. Simplified Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................. 9

1.2. Product Versions ............................................................................................................................................10

1.3. Pin Diagram ................................................................................................................................................... 10

1.4. Pin Description ...............................................................................................................................................11

1.5. Package Marking ...........................................................................................................................................12

2. Electrical Characteristics ....................................................................................................................................... 13

2.1. ESD Notice .................................................................................................................................................... 13

2.2. Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................................................... 13

2.3. Operating Range............................................................................................................................................ 13

2.4. Thermal Properties ........................................................................................................................................ 13

2.5. Chip Specification ..........................................................................................................................................14

2.5.1. Power Consumption .................................................................................................................................. 14

2.5.2. Frequency Synthesis................................................................................................................................. 14

2.5.3. FSK/OOK Mode Receiver .........................................................................................................................16

2.5.4. FSK/OOK Mode Transmitter ..................................................................................................................... 17

2.5.5. Electrical Specification for LoRaTM Modulation ........................................................................................19

2.5.6. Digital Specification ...................................................................................................................................22

3. SX1276/77/78/79 Features.................................................................................................................................... 23

3.1. LoRaTM Modem ............................................................................................................................................ 24

3.2. FSK/OOK Modem .......................................................................................................................................... 24

4. SX1276/77/78/79 Digital Electronics ..................................................................................................................... 25

4.1. The LoRaTM Modem ..................................................................................................................................... 25

4.1.1. Link Design Using the LoRaTM Modem ....................................................................................................26

4.1.2. LoRaTM Digital Interface ...........................................................................................................................34

4.1.3. Operation of the LoRaTM Modem............................................................................................................. 36

4.1.4. Frequency Settings ...................................................................................................................................37

4.1.5. Frequency Error Indication ........................................................................................................................ 37

4.1.6. LoRaTM Modem State Machine Sequences .............................................................................................38

4.1.7. Modem Status Indicators........................................................................................................................... 46

4.2. FSK/OOK Modem .......................................................................................................................................... 46

4.2.1. Bit Rate Setting ......................................................................................................................................... 46

4.2.2. FSK/OOK Transmission ............................................................................................................................ 47

4.2.3. FSK/OOK Reception ................................................................................................................................. 48

4.2.4. Operating Modes in FSK/OOK Mode ........................................................................................................ 54

4.2.5. Startup Times ............................................................................................................................................56

4.2.6. Receiver Startup Options .......................................................................................................................... 59

4.2.7. Receiver Restart Methods......................................................................................................................... 60

4.2.8. Top Level Sequencer ................................................................................................................................ 61

www.semtech.comPage 3

Section Page

Table of contents

SX1276/77/78/79

WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING DATASHEET

Rev. 4 - March 2015

4.2.9. Data Processing in FSK/OOK Mode ......................................................................................................... 65

4.2.10. FIFO ........................................................................................................................................................66

4.2.11. Digital IO Pins Mapping ...........................................................................................................................69

4.2.12. Continuous Mode ....................................................................................................................................70

4.2.13. Packet Mode ........................................................................................................................................... 71

4.2.14. io-homecontrol® Compatibility Mode ...................................................................................................... 79

4.3. SPI Interface ..................................................................................................................................................80

5. SX1276/77/78/79 Analog & RF Frontend Electronics............................................................................................ 81

5.1. Power Supply Strategy .................................................................................................................................. 81

5.2. Low Battery Detector ..................................................................................................................................... 81

5.3. Frequency Synthesis ..................................................................................................................................... 81

5.3.1. Crystal Oscillator ....................................................................................................................................... 81

5.3.2. CLKOUT Output ........................................................................................................................................ 82

5.3.3. PLL ............................................................................................................................................................ 82

5.3.4. RC Oscillator ............................................................................................................................................. 82

5.4. Transmitter Description ..................................................................................................................................83

5.4.1. Architecture Description ............................................................................................................................ 83

5.4.2. RF Power Amplifiers.................................................................................................................................. 83

5.4.3. High Power +20 dBm Operation ............................................................................................................... 84

5.4.4. Over Current Protection ............................................................................................................................85

5.5. Receiver Description...................................................................................................................................... 85

5.5.1. Overview ................................................................................................................................................... 85

5.5.2. Receiver Enabled and Receiver Active States.......................................................................................... 85

5.5.3. Automatic Gain Control In FSK/OOK Mode .............................................................................................. 85

5.5.4. RSSI in FSK/OOK Mode ........................................................................................................................... 86

5.5.5. RSSI and SNR in LoRaTM Mode.............................................................................................................. 87

5.5.6. Channel Filter ............................................................................................................................................ 88

5.5.7. Temperature Measurement....................................................................................................................... 89

6. Description of the Registers................................................................................................................................... 90

6.1. Register Table Summary ............................................................................................................................... 90

6.2. FSK/OOK Mode Register Map .......................................................................................................................93

6.3. Band Specific Additional Registers .............................................................................................................. 106

6.4. LoRaTM Mode Register Map....................................................................................................................... 108

7. Application Information ........................................................................................................................................ 115

7.1. Crystal Resonator Specification................................................................................................................... 115

7.2. Reset of the Chip ......................................................................................................................................... 115

7.2.1. POR......................................................................................................................................................... 115

7.2.2. Manual Reset ..........................................................................................................................................116

7.3. Top Sequencer: Listen Mode Examples ...................................................................................................... 116

www.semtech.comPage 4

Section Page

Table of contents

SX1276/77/78/79

WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING DATASHEET

Rev. 4 - March 2015

7.3.1. Wake on Preamble Interrupt ................................................................................................................... 116

7.3.2. Wake on SyncAddress Interrupt ..............................................................................................................119

7.4. Top Sequencer: Beacon Mode ....................................................................................................................122

7.4.1. Timing diagram........................................................................................................................................ 122

7.4.2. Sequencer Configuration......................................................................................................................... 122

7.5. Example CRC Calculation ...........................................................................................................................124

7.6. Example Temperature Reading ...................................................................................................................125

8. Packaging Information ......................................................................................................................................... 127

8.1. Package Outline Drawing ............................................................................................................................ 127

8.2. Recommended Land Pattern ....................................................................................................................... 128

8.3. Tape & Reel Information .............................................................................................................................. 129

9. Revision History................................................................................................................................................... 130

www.semtech.comPage 5

Section Page

Table of contents

SX1276/77/78/79

WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING DATASHEET

Rev. 4 - March 2015

Table 1. SX1276/77/78/79 Device Variants and Key Parameters .................................................................................10

Table 2. Pin Description ................................................................................................................................................11

Table 3. Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................................................................................................................13

Table 4. Operating Range .............................................................................................................................................13

Table 5. Thermal Properties ..........................................................................................................................................13

Table 6. Power Consumption Specification ...................................................................................................................14

Table 7. Frequency Synthesizer Specification ..............................................................................................................14

Table 8. FSK/OOK Receiver Specification ....................................................................................................................16

Table 9. Transmitter Specification .................................................................................................................................17

Table 10. LoRa Receiver Specification .........................................................................................................................19

Table 11. Digital Specification .......................................................................................................................................22

Table 12. Example LoRaTM Modem Performances, 868MHz Band .............................................................................25

Table 13. Range of Spreading Factors ..........................................................................................................................27

Table 14. Cyclic Coding Overhead ................................................................................................................................27

Table 15. LoRa Bandwidth Options ...............................................................................................................................28

Table 16. LoRaTM Operating Mode Functionality .........................................................................................................36

Table 17. LoRa CAD Consumption Figures ..................................................................................................................45

Table 18. DIO Mapping LoRaTM Mode .........................................................................................................................46

Table 19. Bit Rate Examples .........................................................................................................................................47

Table 20. Preamble Detector Settings ...........................................................................................................................53

Table 21. RxTrigger Settings to Enable Timeout Interrupts ..........................................................................................54

Table 22. Basic Transceiver Modes ..............................................................................................................................54

Table 23. Receiver Startup Time Summary ..................................................................................................................57

Table 24. Receiver Startup Options ..............................................................................................................................60

Table 25. Sequencer States ..........................................................................................................................................61

Table 26. Sequencer Transition Options .......................................................................................................................62

Table 27. Sequencer Timer Settings .............................................................................................................................63

Table 28. Status of FIFO when Switching Between Different Modes of the Chip .........................................................67

Table 29. DIO Mapping, Continuous Mode ...................................................................................................................69

Table 30. DIO Mapping, Packet Mode ..........................................................................................................................69

Table 31. CRC Description ...........................................................................................................................................77

Table 32. Frequency Bands ..........................................................................................................................................82

Table 33. Power Amplifier Mode Selection Truth Table ................................................................................................83

Table 34. High Power Settings ......................................................................................................................................84

Table 35. Operating Range, +20dBm Operation ...........................................................................................................84

Table 36. Operating Range, +20dBm Operation ...........................................................................................................84

Table 37. Trimming of the OCP Current ........................................................................................................................85

Table 38. LNA Gain Control and Performances ..................................................................................

..........................86

Table 39. RssiSmoothing Options .................................................................................................................................86