新概念英语第一册的课程中，语法部分涵盖了多个核心知识点，旨在帮助学习者掌握英语的基础语法结构和表达方式。在Lesson 135 "The latest report"中，讲解了几个关键点：
1. **加强语气的副词"really"**：在句子中，"really"用来强调形容词或副词，例如"I may. I can’t make up my mind."这句中的"really delicious"加强了对葡萄酒味道的好评。
2. **动词短语"make up one’s mind"**：意为“拿定主意，做出决定”。例如"They made up their minds to sell the house."表示他们决定出售房子。
3. **"let sb do sth"结构**：允许某人做某事，等同于"allow sb to do sth"。如"Her parents wouldn’t let her go out with that boy."
4. **"introduce sb to sb"**：将一个人介绍给另一个人，例如"May I introduce my sister to you?"
5. **"get married"和"be married"的区别**："get married"指的是结婚的行为，而"be married"则表示已婚的状态。例如询问对方婚姻状况的问句和答句："Are you married?" "When did you get married?" "I got married last year." "How long have you been married?" "I have been married for 14 months."
6. **直接引语与间接引语的转换规则**：
- 当直接引语是客观事实时，间接引语保持原时态，如"The moon moves round the earth."
- 如果直接引语是一般过去时并伴随具体时间，间接引语仍用一般过去时，如"She said she went to England in 1998."
- 主句为现在时，间接引语时态不变，如"He says he bought me a book yesterday."
7. **指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化**：在转换直接引语为间接引语时，这些元素可能需要相应调整，例如"here"变为"there"，"yesterday"变为"the day before"，"today"变为"that day"，"this"变为"that"，"tomorrow"变为"the next day"，"these"变为"those"，"ago"变为"before"。
8. **句式转换**：
- 陈述句变为间接引语，通常用"that"连接，有时可以省略，如"She said that she was a girl."
- 一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句转为间接引语，用"if"或"whether"引导，并使用陈述语序，如"She asked me if I was Mr. Li."
- 特殊疑问句转换，保留特殊疑问词，改为陈述语序，如"Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year."
- 祈使句转为间接引语，通常用"ask/tell sb (not) to do sth"结构，如"She asked me to come early."
通过学习这部分内容，学生能够更好地理解和运用英语中的基本语法结构，提升语言表达能力，为日后的英语学习打下坚实基础。
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