定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要组成部分,尤其在高考英语中占据着相当的比重。本篇PPT课件专门针对高考复习,详细讲解了定语从句复习时应注意的问题,帮助学生更好地理解和运用这一语法点。
我们要明确定语从句的作用。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子,它在主句中充当定语的角色,相当于一个形容词,为名词提供更多的信息。例如:"The book that you gave me is very interesting." 这里的"that you gave me"就是定语从句,修饰主句中的名词"book"。
在关系词的选择上,我们需要注意以下几点:
1. 指代人时,通常使用"who"(主格)和"whom"(宾格),或者"that"(两者都可)。如:"He is the man who/that helped me yesterday."
2. 指代事物时,常使用"which"或"that"。如:"This is the car which/that I bought last month."
3. 当关系词表示所属关系时,可以使用"whose"或"of which"。例如:"The girl whose hair is red is my sister." 或 "This is the building of which the roof is red."
关于"that"和"which"的互换使用,有以下限制:
1. 当先行词为不定代词(如all, everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等)时,只使用"that"。如:"All that can be done has been done."
2. 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时,也只使用"that"。例如:"Hamburg is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen."
3. 当先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last等词修饰时,同样只用"that"。如:"He is the only person that was present at the time."
此外,当定语从句中既有人又有事物时,关系词也常常选用"that"。例如:"The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students."
了解并掌握定语从句的引导词在不同情境下的正确使用,能有效提高阅读理解能力和写作水平。在实际应用中,需要通过大量的练习来巩固这些知识,以便在高考中灵活应对各种题型。通过这样的专项复习,学生可以更系统地复习定语从句,提高英语语法能力,为高考做好充分准备。