20 FAQs on Digital Currency / Electronic Payment
What is the PBOC's objective for DC/EP?
A substitute for cash (M0).
What is the PBOC’s motivation to issue DC/EP?
Address the challenges posed by other digital
currencies (e.g. Libra), improve efficiency in the
payment system, reduce the cost of cash.
Will DC/EP be anonymous?
Yes, for small transactions. Large payments
may require ID verification.
Will the PBOC distribute DC/EP to customers?
No, commercial banks will circulate DC/EP to
consumers after the PBOC distributes it to
commercial banks.
Will DC/EP disintermediate banks?
No, DC/EP will not pay interest, caps can be
set on wallets and commercial banks will be
the 2nd pillar in the two-tier issuance system.
Is DC/EP a cryptocurrency?
No, the DC/EP system will be built on a
centralized ledger, not a blockchain.
Is DC/EP legal tender?
Yes, it has the same legal status as Rmb cash.
Will DC/EP expand the PBOC's balance sheet?
Not likely as DC/EP can be converted from
bank deposit reserves.
Do users need a bank account to use DC/EP?
No, unless replenishing a DC/EP wallet.
Will DC/EP reduce banks' balance sheet?
Yes, if DC/EP is converted from deposits; No,
if converted from cash.
What will its main application be?
Facilitate small payments for consumables (e.g.
meals, groceries, transport).
What is the “dual offline" transfer?
Payments can still be made without mobile
internet access or network connectivity (e.g.
subway, airline, mountainous area).
Can DC/EP be used for government subsidies?
Yes, real-time tracking can be used to monitor a
transaction and it can be disabled once reaching
the intended recipient.
Will DC/EP pay interest?
No, according to the PBOC.
Will DC/EP charge fees?
Unlikely, but the PBOC could charge a fee to
enable a negative interest rate on DC/EP.
Is DC/EP necessary in an already cashless society?
Yes, still DC/EP has advantages over fintech:
anonymity, dual-offline transfers, inclusion and
interconnectivity among payment methods.
Will banks be the only institutions operating DC/EP?
Yes, as DC/EP is the digitalization of legal tender.
However, fintech firms can add DC/EP as a
payment method in their apps.
Will take rates for consumption payments fall?
No, take rates would be stable as DC/EP
payments still need to use existing offline
channels and infrastructure.
What will be the impact on banks?
Incorporating DC/EP wallets into bank apps will
bring consumers back to bank channels,
expanding their customer base and MAUs.
When will DC/EP be launched?
No timeline has been provided. Testing has
already started in four cities and DC/EP will
feature at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. An
official launch looks most likely in 2023.
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