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宁朗水电站水轮机选型及油气水系统设计论文.docx
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宁朗水电站水轮机选型及油气水系统设计论文
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宁朗水电站水轮机选型及油气水系统设计
摘 要:当前形势下,我国拥有相对较为丰富的水资源,其相应的自然落差也相对较大,可以
通过建造水电站来实现水力发电。水力发电系统中处于核心位置的部件是水轮机,所以水轮机选型
及其辅助设备的设计至关重要。本篇文章是在水轮机及水力机组辅助设备两门课程基础上,通过对
宁朗水电站原始资料的相关分析,进行水轮机选型以及相关辅助设备(油气水系统)的设计,并优
化方案。
水轮机选型设计部分包括装机方案设计和水轮机选型计算。在水轮机选型计算中,包括:水轮机型
号选择、水轮机主要参数计算并进行对比分析以便最终确定出最优方案、进行水轮机运转特性曲线
的绘制,包括吸出高度、等出力线、等效率线以及空化系数线的绘制等。
在油系统设计中,主要包括机组润滑系统用油量的计算、透平油系统用油量及设备选择计算,进行
透平油系统图的绘制。在气系统设计过程中,主要包括低压空气系统和高压空气系统的计算以及气系
统图的绘制。针对供水系统的设计,主要包括水源及其供水方式的确定、空气冷却器和发电机推力轴
承以及导轴承油冷却器的用水量,并进行供水系统图绘制;在排水系统设计中,主要包括排水方式确定、
检修排水的计算和机组渗漏排水的计算以及排水系统图的绘制。
关键字:水轮机选型;油系统设计;气系统设计;供水系统设计;排水系统设计
MODEL SELECTION AND DESIGN OF OIL-GAS-WATER
SYSTEM FOR NINGLANG HYDROPOWER STATION
Author: Bao Beibei Instructor: Li Yongchong
Abstract:Under the current situation, China has relatively abundant water resources, and its
corresponding natural drop is relatively large. Hydropower generation can be realized by constructing
hydropower stations. The core component of the hydropower system is the turbine, so the design of the
turbine and its ancillary equipment are critical. This article is based on the two courses of hydraulic turbine
and hydraulic unit auxiliary equipment. Through the correlation analysis of the original data of Ninglang
Hydropower Station, the design of the turbine and related auxiliary equipment (oil and gas water system)
are designed and optimized.
The turbine design and design part includes the installation plan design and the turbine selection
calculation. In the turbine selection calculation, including: turbine model selection, turbine main parameter
calculation and comparative analysis to finally determine the optimal plan, draw the turbine operating
characteristic curve, including suction height, equal output line, equal efficiency line and empty Drawing of
coefficient lines, etc.
In the oil system design, it mainly includes the calculation of the oil quantity of the unit lubrication
system, the oil quantity of the turbine oil system and the equipment selection calculation, and the drawing
of the turbine oil system diagram. In the design of the gas system, the calculation of the low-pressure air
system and the high-pressure air system and the drawing of the gas system map are mainly included. The
design of the water supply system mainly includes the determination of the water source and its water
supply mode, the water consumption of the air cooler and the generator thrust bearing and the guide
bearing oil cooler, and the drawing of the water supply system; in the design of the drainage system, mainly
including drainage Method determination, maintenance drainage calculation and unit leakage drainage
calculation and drainage system diagram drawing.
Key words: turbine type selection;oil system design;water system design;gas system design
I
目 录
第 1 章 宁朗水电站基本资料....................................................1
1.1 电站地理位置...............................................................1
1.2 枢纽任务...................................................................1
1.3 水能开发方式...............................................................1
1.4 枢纽规划主要技术指标.......................................................1
1.4.1 水库特征水位 ..........................................................1
1.4.2 水库容积及调节性质 ....................................................2
1.5 水能规划参数...............................................................2
1.6 工程枢纽组成及布置情况.....................................................2
1.7 电力系统及负荷情况.........................................................2
1.8 枢纽交通运输情况...........................................................3
第 2 章 水轮机的选型设计 ......................................................4
2.1 机组台数选择...............................................................4
2.2 机组型号...................................................................4
2.3 水轮机基本参数的计算.......................................................5
2.3.1 转轮直径
1
D
的计算 ......................................................5
2.3.2 水轮机效率
r
h
修正计算..................................................6
2.3.3 水轮机转速
n
算 ........................................................7
2.3.4 设计流量
r
Q
计算 .......................................................8
2.3.5 几何吸出高度
H
s
的计算..................................................9
2.3.6 飞逸转速
n
R
的计算.....................................................12
2.3.7 转轮轴向水推力
F
t
的计算...............................................12
2.4 最优方案的确定............................................................12
2.5 绘制 HL240 型号的水轮机的综合特性曲线......................................13
2.5.1 等效率线的绘制 .......................................................13
2.5.2 等吸出高度线的绘制 ...................................................14
2.5.3 出力限制线的绘制 .....................................................17
第 3 章 油系统设计 ............................................................19
3.1 供油对象..................................................................19
3.2 发电机型号选择............................................................20
3.3 油系统的计算..............................................................20
II
3.3.1 机组润滑油系统用油量的计算 ...........................................20
3.3.2 导水机构接力器用油量计算 .............................................21
3.3.3 进水阀接力器用油量计算 ...............................................22
3.3.4 油压装置的用油量 .....................................................23
3.3.5 透平油系统用油量计算 .................................................23
3.4 油系统设备的选择..........................................................24
3.4.1 净油槽 ...............................................................24
3.4.2 运行油槽 .............................................................24
3.4.3 事故排油池 ...........................................................25
3.4.4 油泵的选择 ...........................................................25
3.4.5 压力滤油机和真空滤油机的选择 .........................................25
3.4.6 油管选择 .............................................................25
3.5 油系统图..................................................................26
第 4 章 气系统设计 ............................................................28
4.1 压缩空气用途..............................................................28
4.2 机组制动供气..............................................................28
4.2.1 机组制动耗气量计算 ...................................................28
4.2.2 储气罐容积计算 .......................................................29
4.2.3 空气压缩机生产率计算 .................................................29
4.2.4 供气管道选择 .........................................................29
4.3 调相压水供气..............................................................29
4.3.1 充气容积计算 .........................................................29
4.3.2 转轮室充气压力计算 ...................................................30
4.3.3 储气罐容积计算........................................................31
4.3.4 空压机生产率计算 .....................................................31
4.3.5 管道选择计算 .........................................................32
4.4 油压装置供气..............................................................32
4.4.1 空压机生产率计算 .....................................................32
4.4.2 储气罐容积计算 .......................................................33
4.4.3 管径选择 .............................................................33
4.5 气系统图..................................................................33
第 5 章 供水系统设计..........................................................35
5.1 用水设备对供水的要求......................................................35
5.1.1 水温..................................................................35
5.1.2 水压 .................................................................35
III
5.1.3 水质 .................................................................35
5.1.4 水源及供水方式 .......................................................35
5.2 设备用水量................................................................36
5.2.1 水轮发电机总用水量 ...................................................36
5.2.2 空气冷却器用水量 .....................................................36
5.2.3 发电机推力轴承和导轴承油冷却器用水量 .................................36
5.3 供水泵的选择..............................................................38
5.3.1 流量..................................................................38
5.3.2 总水头(总扬程) .....................................................38
5.3.3 管道选择 .............................................................38
5.4 供水系统图................................................................39
第 6 章 排水系统设计..........................................................41
6.1 确定排水内容..............................................................41
6.1.1 生产用水的排水 .......................................................41
6.1.2 检修排水 .............................................................41
6.1.3 渗漏排水 .............................................................41
6.1.4 厂区排水 .............................................................41
6.2 检修排水..................................................................42
6.2.1 检修排水量的计算 .....................................................42
6.2.2 漏水量计算 ...........................................................42
6.2.3 检修排水泵的选择 .....................................................43
6.3 渗漏排水..................................................................44
6.3.1 集水井容积的确定 .....................................................44
6.3.2 渗漏排水泵选择 .......................................................44
6.4 排水系统图................................................................45
参 考 文 献...................................................................47
附 录..........................................................................48
致 谢..........................................................................49
个 人 简 历...................................................................50
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