Computer Systems
A Programmer’s Perspective
This page intentionally left blank
Computer Systems
A Programmer’s Perspective
Randal E. Bryant
Carnegie Mellon University
David R. O’Hallaron
Carnegie Mellon University and Intel Labs
Prentice Hall
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
Editorial Director: Marcia Horton
Editor-in-Chief: Michael Hirsch
Acquisitions Editor: Matt Goldstein
Editorial Assistant: Chelsea Bell
Director of Marketing: Margaret Waples
Marketing Coordinator: Kathryn Ferranti
Managing Editor: Jeff Holcomb
Senior Manufacturing Buyer: Carol Melville
Art Director: Linda Knowles
Cover Designer: Elena Sidorova
Image Interior Permission Coordinator: Richard Rodrigues
Cover Art: © Randal E. Bryant and David R. O’Hallaron
Media Producer: Katelyn Boller
Project Management and Interior Design: Paul C. Anagnostopoulos, Windfall Software
Composition: Joe Snowden, Coventry Composition
Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers
Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Color/Hagerstown
Copyright © 2011, 2003 by Randal E. Bryant and David R. O’Hallaron. All rights reserved.
Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright,
and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction,
storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material
from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions
Department, 501 Boylston Street, Suite 900, Boston, Massachusetts 02116.
Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher
was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all
caps.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bryant, Randal.
Computer systems : a programmer’s perspective / Randal E. Bryant, David R.
O’Hallaron.—2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-610804-7 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-13-610804-0 (alk. paper)
1. Computer systems. 2. Computers. 3. Telecommunication. 4. User interfaces
(Computer systems) I. O’Hallaron, David Richard. II. Title.
QA76.5.B795 2010
004—dc22
2009053083
10987654321—EB—14 13 12 11 10
ISBN 10: 0-13-610804-0
ISBN 13: 978-0-13-610804-7
