toner charge instability.pdf

Toner triboelectric charge can be affected by a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and production and maintenance of a stable charge requires a balancing or minimization of many complex interactions. In this review, major stability factors are discussed and illustrated using actual experimental data coupled with a simple theoretical model.Throughout, the review promotes a holistic approach in order to reinforce the view that toner charge stability is not merely a toner issue.