摘要
随着智能控制技术与检测传感技术的飞速发展,智能机器人将在以后的
工业生产和家庭生活中得到广泛应用,本系统相当于一个简单的智能机器人,
是具有自动检测障碍物、黑白线和金属块的多功能智能小车。
本系统采用了 AVR 系列单片机中的 Atmega 16 作为智能小车的检测
和控制核心。路面黑白线检测使用了反射式红外光电传感器,障碍物检测
采用了超声波传感器,金属块的检测采用了金属接近开关。驱动采用的是
直流电机,电机控制方式为对单片机 I/O 口进行扫描和单向 PWM 从而控制
小车的转向和速度。基于这些完备而可靠的硬件设计,使用了一套独特的
软件算法,并采用了 AVR 系列中的 Atmega 16 稳定高速的执行软件程序的特
点,从而实现对小车的精确控制。
关键字: Atmega 16 超声波 反射式红外光电检测传感器
Abstract
With the development of intelligent control technology and
detect-sensor technology,intelligent robot will use broad in industry
and family life. We can consider this system as a ordinary robot ,it is
an abstract which has some functions of detecting barriers ,black and
while runway and mental.
Based on the microcontroller Atmega 16.Reflecting-infrared sensors
are applied to detect black lines, ultrasonic sensors are applied to
detect barriers and mental approach switch sensor is applied to detect
mental.By introducing PWM to the system,we are able to control motor
revolving speed dynamically and precisely.And one of the most striking
features of the design is its software algorithm which enables the car
to run and detect accurately.