基于单片机的温室大棚自动卷帘控制器设计.doc

基于单片机的温室大棚自动卷帘控制器设计

摘 要

单片机是目前一种成熟的芯片，它有较高的集成度、机构组成简单、运用灵活性好、

可靠性高等优点。可以运用在诸多方面。本设计就是基于单片机的温室大棚自动卷帘控

制器设计。

基于单片机的温室大棚自动卷帘控制器设计，在文档中给出各个电路的硬件设计方

案，用流程图格式对本系统的控制和执行的软件设计进行详细的介绍。本设计包括单片

机最小系统、湿度检测电路、温度检测电路、继电器电路、光敏电路、电源电路。由各

个电路模块检测收集的信息与设定值进行比较控制继电器的开合。

Single chip microcomputer is a kind of mature chip at present, it has a high degree of

integration, simple structure, good flexibility and high reliability. It can be applied in many

ways. My design is based on a single chip set of greenhouse gas curtain controller design.

Greenhouses automatic shutter controller design based on single chip microcomputer, is

given in the document of each circuit hardware design scheme of this system in flowchart

format control and implementation of software design is introduced in detail. This design

includes single chip microcomputer minimum system, humidity detection circuit, temperature

detection circuit, relay circuit, photosensitive circuit, power circuit. The control relay is

controlled by comparing the information collected by each circuit module and the set value.

In this design, we use the Altium Designer software to design the circuit diagram and

Abstract........................................................................................................................................II

第一章 引 言 ..............................................................................................................................1

1.1 选题背景 .......................................................................................................................1

1.2 国内外发展现状与我国的发展前景...........................................................................1

1.3 单片机简介 ...................................................................................................................3

1.4 本章小结 .......................................................................................................................4

1.5 章节安排 .......................................................................................................................4

第二章 设计方案 ........................................................................................................................5

2.1 系统需求 .......................................................................................................................5

2.2 系统设计规划 ...............................................................................................................5

3.1.3 绘制 PCB 板要求 ...............................................................................................8

3.2 单片机的最小系统 .......................................................................................................9

3.2.1 单片机最小系统的时钟电路.............................................................................9

3.2.2 单片机最小系统的复位电路...........................................................................10

3.3 温度检测电路 .............................................................................................................11

3.3.1DS18B20 器件介绍 ...........................................................................................11

3.3.2 DS18B20 的管脚 ..............................................................................................13

3.3.3DS18B20 单线通信 ...........................................................................................13

3.4 湿度检测电路 .............................................................................................................14

3.4.1 湿敏元件的芯片...............................................................................................14

3.6.2 1602 的引脚功能..............................................................................................19

3.7 继电器电路 .................................................................................................................20

3.7.1 继电器的工作原理...........................................................................................21

3.7.2 如何选择继电器...............................................................................................21

3.8 电路板的制作与焊接.................................................................................................21

3.9 本章小结 .....................................................................................................................24

第四章 软件设计 ......................................................................................................................25

4.1 软件设计使用的语言.................................................................................................25

4.2 主程序系统软件设计..................................................................................................25

4.3 温度传感器系统软件设计..........................................................................................25

5.3 系统整体调试 .............................................................................................................30

第六章 总结与展望 ..................................................................................................................32

参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................34

附录 A .........................................................................................................................................36

附录 B .........................................................................................................................................37