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基于proteus的简单温度测量系统设计.doc
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基于proteus的简单温度测量系统设计.doc
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ensure the quality and duration of construction. 3.1.2. the General programming principles based on the total duration of the construction requirements, my unit in the project construction organization design and implementation, integrated construction of scientific organizations, network technology, a parallel job, high quality and high speed to complete the construction of the entire project. Ensure quality construction program reasonable, optimal shortest, least cost and construction schedule. 3.1.3. General construction project construction team approach, first in civilization, stadium construction and relocation of underground pipeline detection, work, strictly according to the requirements of strengthening of luanhe river water protection measures. Curtain piles, bored piles, then protection of the excavation and dewatering construction. Working pit 2-PC300 excavator excavation, slope mesh and shotcrete. Protection, resistance to move pile and supporting pile and Grouting in subgrade pit dewatering and curing in the work carried out during the excavation, protection pile and supporting pile and move the pile using reverse-circulation drilling machine drilling, concrete pouring; programme of grout cure holistic cure of roadbed. Skateboards, back beam, the frame of the project using concrete, concrete transport truck transport, concrete pump truck pouring, construction
本课程设计的基本要求是使学生熟悉掌握 51 系列单片机的编程方法,学习应用 proteus
软件进行单片机应用系统设计与仿真。要求同学们设计一款简易的温度测量装置,设计要求温
度测量范围为 0-120 度,测量精度为 1 度。有精力的同学可以将测温通道扩展为 8 通道(不限
测温通道数目)。要求设计基于单片机的简单温度测量系统电路原理图,实现温度测量系统的
仿真,并最终提交仿真结果。
设计的基本要求:(1)测量范围为 0℃~+120℃,精度为 1℃;(2)利用温度传感器测
量某一点环境温度;(3)利用 A/D 转换将温度信号转换成电压信号;(4)在 LED 数码管上显
示;(5)Proteus 软件进行仿真。
二、设计思路(仅供参考)
根据系统的设计要求,温度传感器 TC1 输出信号经信号差动放大到 0—5V,放大器的输
出送 ADC80C51 进行 A/D 转换,A/D 转换结果送单片机进行处理,最后将所测的温度在 LED 数
码管上显示。
图 1 系统设计框图
三、相关设计知识
(一)硬件设计部分
1、AT89C51 单片机选择及特点
由于此设计需要编写程序,需要将程序载入单片机中,因此单片机必须具有
足够多的存储空间,其具有 8K 字节的 Flash 完全满足要求。16 位的定时计数器使得读取数据
温度传感器
A/D 转换
单片机
LED 显示
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/87938602/bg2.jpg)
ensure the quality and duration of construction. 3.1.2. the General programming principles based on the total duration of the construction requirements, my unit in the project construction organization design and implementation, integrated construction of scientific organizations, network technology, a parallel job, high quality and high speed to complete the construction of the entire project. Ensure quality construction program reasonable, optimal shortest, least cost and construction schedule. 3.1.3. General construction project construction team approach, first in civilization, stadium construction and relocation of underground pipeline detection, work, strictly according to the requirements of strengthening of luanhe river water protection measures. Curtain piles, bored piles, then protection of the excavation and dewatering construction. Working pit 2-PC300 excavator excavation, slope mesh and shotcrete. Protection, resistance to move pile and supporting pile and Grouting in subgrade pit dewatering and curing in the work carried out during the excavation, protection pile and supporting pile and move the pile using reverse-circulation drilling machine drilling, concrete pouring; programme of grout cure holistic cure of roadbed. Skateboards, back beam, the frame of the project using concrete, concrete transport truck transport, concrete pump truck pouring, construction
变得更加简单,同时其结构有利于晶振电路和复位电路的连接。最重要的是,能够在掉电状态
下保存 RAM 内的数据。因此,对于本设计来说,选择 AT89C51 是最有利的。
AT89C51 是 一 种 带 4K 字 节 闪 烁 可 编 程 可 擦 除 只 读 存 储 器 ( FPEROM—Flash
Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory)的低电压,高性能 CMOS 8 位微处理器,
俗称单片机。AT89C2051 是一种带 2K 字节闪烁可编程可擦除只读存储器的单片机。单
片机的可擦除只读存储器可以反复擦除 100 次。该器件采用 ATMEL 高密度非易失存储器
制造技术制造,与工业标准的 MCS-51 指令集和输出管脚相兼容。由于将多功能 8 位 CPU
和闪烁存储器组合在单个芯片中,ATMEL 的 AT89C51 是一种高效微控制器,AT89C2051
是它的一种精简版本。AT89C51 单片机为很多嵌入式控制系统提供。
主要特性
(1) 与 MCS-51 兼容
(2) 4K 字节可编程闪烁存储器
(3) 32 可编程 I/O 线
(4) 128×8 位内部 RAM
(5) 全静态工作:0Hz-24MHz
(6) 5 个中断源
(7) 数据保留时间:10 年
(8) 寿命:1000 写/擦循环
(9) 两个 16 位定时器/计数器
(10) 三级程序存储器锁定
(11) 可编程串行 UART 通道
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/87938602/bg3.jpg)
ensure the quality and duration of construction. 3.1.2. the General programming principles based on the total duration of the construction requirements, my unit in the project construction organization design and implementation, integrated construction of scientific organizations, network technology, a parallel job, high quality and high speed to complete the construction of the entire project. Ensure quality construction program reasonable, optimal shortest, least cost and construction schedule. 3.1.3. General construction project construction team approach, first in civilization, stadium construction and relocation of underground pipeline detection, work, strictly according to the requirements of strengthening of luanhe river water protection measures. Curtain piles, bored piles, then protection of the excavation and dewatering construction. Working pit 2-PC300 excavator excavation, slope mesh and shotcrete. Protection, resistance to move pile and supporting pile and Grouting in subgrade pit dewatering and curing in the work carried out during the excavation, protection pile and supporting pile and move the pile using reverse-circulation drilling machine drilling, concrete pouring; programme of grout cure holistic cure of roadbed. Skateboards, back beam, the frame of the project using concrete, concrete transport truck transport, concrete pump truck pouring, construction
3
(12) 低功耗的闲置和掉电模式
(13) 片内振荡器和时钟电路
管脚说明
图 2 AT89C51 引脚电路图
VCC:供电电压。
GND:接地。
P0 口:P0 口为一个 8 位漏级开路双向 I/O 口,每脚可吸收 8TTL 门电流。当 P1 口
的管脚第一次写 1 时,被定义为高阻输入。P0 能够用于外部程序数据存储器,它可以
被定义为数据/地址的第八位。在 FIASH 编程时,P0 口作为原码输入口,当 FIASH 进行
校验时,P0 输出原码,此时 P0 外部必须被拉高。
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/87938602/bg4.jpg)
ensure the quality and duration of construction. 3.1.2. the General programming principles based on the total duration of the construction requirements, my unit in the project construction organization design and implementation, integrated construction of scientific organizations, network technology, a parallel job, high quality and high speed to complete the construction of the entire project. Ensure quality construction program reasonable, optimal shortest, least cost and construction schedule. 3.1.3. General construction project construction team approach, first in civilization, stadium construction and relocation of underground pipeline detection, work, strictly according to the requirements of strengthening of luanhe river water protection measures. Curtain piles, bored piles, then protection of the excavation and dewatering construction. Working pit 2-PC300 excavator excavation, slope mesh and shotcrete. Protection, resistance to move pile and supporting pile and Grouting in subgrade pit dewatering and curing in the work carried out during the excavation, protection pile and supporting pile and move the pile using reverse-circulation drilling machine drilling, concrete pouring; programme of grout cure holistic cure of roadbed. Skateboards, back beam, the frame of the project using concrete, concrete transport truck transport, concrete pump truck pouring, construction
P1 口:P1 口是一个内部提供上拉电阻的 8 位双向 I/O 口,P1 口缓冲器能接收输出
4TTL 门电流。P1 口管脚写入 1 后,被内部上拉为高,可用作输入,P1 口被外部下拉为
低电平时,将输出电流,这是由于内部上拉的缘故。在 FLASH 编程和校验时,P1 口作
为第八位地址接收。
P2 口:P2 口为一个内部上拉电阻的 8 位双向 I/O 口,P2 口缓冲器可接收,输出 4
个 TTL 门电流,当 P2 口被写“1”时,其管脚被内部上拉电阻拉高,且作为输入。并因
此作为输入时,P2 口的管脚被外部拉低,将输出电流。这是由于内部上拉的缘故。P2
口当用于外部程序存储器或 16 位地址外部数据存储器进行存取时,P2 口输出地址的高
八位。在给出地址“1”时,它利用内部上拉优势,当对外部八位地址数据存储器进行
读写时,P2 口输出其特殊功能寄存器的内容。P2 口在 FLASH 编程和校验时接收高八位
地址信号和控制信号。
P3 口:P3 口管脚是 8 个带内部上拉电阻的双向 I/O 口,可接收输出 4 个 TTL 门电
流。当 P3 口写入“1”后,它们被内部上拉为高电平,并用作输入。作为输入,由于外
部下拉为低电平,P3 口将输出电流(ILL)这是由于上拉的缘故。
P3 口也可作为 AT89C51 的一些特殊功能口,如下:
端口引脚
第二功能
P3.0
RXD(串行输入口)
P3.1
TXD(串行输出口)
P3.2
/INT0(外部中断 0)
P3.3
/INT1(外部中断 1)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/87938602/bg5.jpg)
ensure the quality and duration of construction. 3.1.2. the General programming principles based on the total duration of the construction requirements, my unit in the project construction organization design and implementation, integrated construction of scientific organizations, network technology, a parallel job, high quality and high speed to complete the construction of the entire project. Ensure quality construction program reasonable, optimal shortest, least cost and construction schedule. 3.1.3. General construction project construction team approach, first in civilization, stadium construction and relocation of underground pipeline detection, work, strictly according to the requirements of strengthening of luanhe river water protection measures. Curtain piles, bored piles, then protection of the excavation and dewatering construction. Working pit 2-PC300 excavator excavation, slope mesh and shotcrete. Protection, resistance to move pile and supporting pile and Grouting in subgrade pit dewatering and curing in the work carried out during the excavation, protection pile and supporting pile and move the pile using reverse-circulation drilling machine drilling, concrete pouring; programme of grout cure holistic cure of roadbed. Skateboards, back beam, the frame of the project using concrete, concrete transport truck transport, concrete pump truck pouring, construction
5
P3.4
T0(记时器 0 外部输入)
P3.5
T1(记时器 1 外部输入)
P3.6
/WR(外部数据存储器写选通)
P3.7
/RD(外部数据存储器读选通)
P3 口同时为闪烁编程和编程校验接收一些控制信号。
/EA/VPP:当/EA 保持低电平时,则在此期间外部程序存储器(0000H-FFFFH),不
管是否有内部程序存储器。注意加密方式 1 时,/EA 将内部锁定为 RESET;当/EA 端保
持高电平时,此间内部程序存储器。在 FLASH 编程期间,此引脚也用于施加 12V 编程电
源(VPP)。
XTAL1:反向振荡放大器的输入及内部时钟工作电路的输入。
XTAL2:来自反向振荡器的输出。
XTAL1和XTAL2分别为反向放大器的输入和输出。该反向放大器可以配置为片内振荡
器。石晶振荡和陶瓷振荡均可采用。如采用外部时钟源驱动器件,XTAL2应不接。有余
输入至内部时钟信号要通过一个二分频触发器,因此对外部时钟信号的脉宽无任何要求,
但必须保证脉冲的高低电平要求的宽度。
晶振电路
所谓晶振电路即指单片机的时钟电路。该电路通常有内部时钟电路和外部时钟电路。一
般选用前者。单片机芯片内部有一个反相放大器构成的振荡器。反相放大器的输入端为XTAL1,
输出端为XTAL2,吧XTAL1和XTAL2与外部石英晶体及两个电容连接起来可构成一个石英晶体振
荡器如图3-4所示。时钟发生器是一个2分频电路。它把晶体振荡器的频率2分频后供给片内其
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