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六层电梯的plc控制系统的设计
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毕 业 设 计 说 明 书
六层电梯的PLC控制系统的设计
专 业
电气工程及其自动化
学生姓名
班 级
学 号
指导教师
完成日期
2012 年 5 月 26 日
盐城工学院本科生毕业设计说明书(2012)
六层电梯的PLC控制系统的设计
摘 要:随着我国经济的高速发展,微电子技术、计算机技术和自动控制技术也得
到了迅速发展,而电梯作为现代高层建筑的垂直交通工具,与人们的生活紧密相关,
扮演着越来越重要的角色。随着科技的进步,研究可编程控制器(PLC)在电梯中的
控制运用是一个非常有意义的课题。
这次设计是利用可编程序控制器(PLC)控制一个六层乘客电梯。主要目的是解
决目前电梯控制中存在的一些问题,合理地利用PLC的硬件资源和软件资源,充分利
用各种指令的简化控制程序,做到控制程序应尽量简单,便于理解,并有一定的规
律性以便能适合于不同控制楼层的要求,使电梯达到较为理想的控制效果。
在设计的过程中通过对电梯所需的输入输出节点的统计来选择合适的PLC型号,
在进行PLC控制的软件设计时,首先把电梯的整个控制过程进行分解,把它分成不同
的几个模块,然后对这几个模块分别进行设计,最后再把它们重新组合起来成为一
个完整的控制系统。本次设计采用三种控制方式:乘客操作方式、司机操作方式和手
动检修方式。与以前的电梯相比,本设计的电梯具有可靠性高,控制程序简单,输入输
出端子使用少的特点。
关键词:电梯;PLC;控制梯形图;程序
盐城工学院本科生毕业设计说明书(2012)
Design on The six-storey elevator PLC control system
Abstract: With the high-speed development of China's economic ,
Microelectronics technology, computer technology and automation technology has been
developing rapidly .And the lift as a modern high-rise building, the vertical transport, and
people's lives are closely linked, are playing an increasingly important role with the
advancement of technology, Research Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) in the
elevator on the use of control is a very meaningful task.
The design of content for the use of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) control in
a six-story of passenger elevator. The main purpose is to solve some problems of the
existing elevator control, the rational use of PLC hardware resources and software
resources Make full use of all the commands simplified control procedures, the control
procedures should be done as simple and easy to understand And with some regularity in
order to be tailored to different floors control of the calls that lifts quite satisfactory
control results.
In the design process through to lift the input and output nodes statistics to select
appropriate models PLC During the software design of PLC control system, first of all ,
lift the whole control process decomposition, it is divided into several different modules,
then design for these modules Respectively, and finally regrouped together into a
comprehensive control system .The designs of used three control modes : passengers
operation mode, the driver and manual mode of operation maintenance mode.
And compared to the previous, the design of the lift with high reliability, control
procedures simple and input and output terminals use fewer features.
Key words: Elevator;PLC;Control ladder;Procedures
六层电梯的 PLC 控制系统的设计
目 录
1.
概 述 .................................................................................................................1
1.1 概述.....................................................................................................................1
1.2 基本设计内容.....................................................................................................1
2. 课题研究背景与意义 ...........................................................................................2
2.1 课题研究背景.....................................................................................................2
2.2 课题研究意义.....................................................................................................3
3. 电梯概述 ...............................................................................................................4
3.1 电梯的定义..........................................................................................................4
3.2 电梯的分类.........................................................................................................4
3.3 电梯的主要组成部分..........................................................................................5
3.4 电梯的安全保护装置.........................................................................................6
3.5 电梯的发展展望.................................................................................................7
4. 电梯 PLC 控制设计 ...............................................................................................8
4.1 可编程控制器概述.............................................................................................8
4.1.1 可编程控制器(PLC)的产生.......................................................................8
4.1.2 可编程控制器(PLC)的组成.......................................................................9
4.1.3 可编程控制器(PLC)的分类........................................................................9
4.1.4 可编程控制器(PLC)的工作原理...............................................................9
4.1.5 PLC 的性能指标............................................................................................10
4.1.6 可编程控制器(PLC)的特点.....................................................................11
4.2 可编程控制器(PLC)的选择.........................................................................11
4.3 PLC 控制系统的设计........................................................................................12
4.3.1 电梯控制系统实现的功能...........................................................................12
4.3.2 电梯的操作方式...........................................................................................13
4.3.3 PLC 的输入输出接线设计............................................................................13
5. 软件设计 .............................................................................................................14
5.1 楼层信号控制环节设计...................................................................................14
5.1.1 门厅上行呼唤信号.......................................................................................14
5.1.2 门厅下行呼唤信号.......................................................................................15
5.1.3 脉冲信号.......................................................................................................16
5.1.4 轿厢内按钮选层信号...................................................................................17
5.1.5 轿厢内选层指示灯的控制...........................................................................18
5.1.6 楼层位置信号...............................................................................................20
5.2 七段数码管显示程序设计...............................................................................21
5.3 到达楼层消除信号...........................................................................................24
5.4 手动检修控制程序设计...................................................................................24
盐城工学院本科生毕业设计说明书(2012)
5.4.1 开、关门控制...............................................................................................25
5.4.2 上、下行控制...............................................................................................25
5.5 开、关门控制程序设计...................................................................................26
5.6 电梯控制总梯形图...........................................................................................26
6. 结束语 .................................................................................................................27
参考文献...................................................................................................................28
致 谢.....................................................................................................................29
附 录.....................................................................................................................30
附录 1:梯形图........................................................................................................31
附录 2:电梯控制界面............................................................................................37
附录 3:电梯控制电路............................................................................................38
附录 4:电梯控制 PLC 接线图................................................................................39
附录 5: 程序清单..................................................................................................40
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