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MBA专业英语术语.doc
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MBA专业英语术语.doc
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MBA 专业术语汇总
A
Ability-to-pay principle 能力纳税原则
The idea that taxes should be levied on a person
according to how well that person can shoulder the
burden
Absolute advantage 绝对优势
The comparison among producers of a good according to
their productivity
Aggregate-demand curve 总需求曲线
A curve that shows the quantity of goods and services
that households, firms, and the government want to buy
at any price level
Aggregate-supply curve 总供给曲线
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86079676/bg2.jpg)
A curve that shows the quantity of goods and services
that firms choose to produce and sell at any level
Appreciation 升值
An increase in the value of a currency as measured by
the amount of foreign currency it can buy
Automatic stabilizers 自动稳定器
Changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate
demand when the economy goes into a recession without
policymakers having to take any deliberate action
Average fixed cost 平均固定成本
Fixed costs divided by the quantity of output
Average revenue 平均收益
Total revenue divided by the quantity sold
Average tax rate 平均税率
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86079676/bg3.jpg)
Total taxes paid divided by total income
Average total cost 平均总成本
Total cost divided by the quantity of output
Average variable cost 平均可变成本
Variables costs divided by the quantity of output
Accelerator 加速数
the effect on GDP of the increase in investment that
results from an increase in output. For instance, the
greater output leads a firm to believe that the demand
for its products will rise in the future; the resulting
increase in investment leads to growth in output and
still further increases in investment, accelerating the
expansion of the economy
Acquired endowments 后天禀赋
resources a country builds for itself, like a network
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86079676/bg4.jpg)
of roads or an educated population
Adaptive expectations 适应性预期
expectations based on the extrapolation of events in
the recent past into the future
aggregate expenditures schedule 总支出曲线
a curve that traces out the relationship between
expenditures--the sum of consumption, investment,
government expenditures, and net exports--and the
national income, at a fixed price level
antitrust laws 反托拉斯法
laws that discourage monopoly and restrictive practices
and encourage greater competition
arbitrage 套利
the process by which assets with comparable risk,
liquidity, and tax treatment are priced to yield
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86079676/bg5.jpg)
comparable expected returns
adverse selection 逆向选择
principle that says that those who most want to buy
insurance tend to be those most at risk, but charging a
high price for insurance (to cover the high risk)will
discourage those at less risk from buying insurance at
all
asset 资产
any item that is long-lived, purchased for the service
it renders over its life and for what one will receive
when one sells it
assistance in kind 实物援助
public assistance that provides particular goods and
services, like food or medical care, rather than cash
asymmetric information 信息不对称
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