著名的开源的C/C++编译器：GCC！

# DMD Source code This is the source code to the DMD compiler for the D Programming Language defined in the documents at https://dlang.org/ These sources are free, they are redistributable and modifiable under the terms of the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. The terms of this license are in the file boostlicense.txt, or see https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt. If a particular file has a different license in it, that overrides this license for that file. -Walter Bright ## Directory structure | Folder | Purpose | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | [dmd/](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/tree/master/compiler/src/dmd) | The dmd driver and front-end | | [dmd/backend/](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/tree/master/compiler/src/dmd/backend) | Code generation for x86 or x86-64. Based on [DMC](https://github.com/DigitalMars/Compiler/)'s backend, but not kept in sync anymore. Not used by [LDC](https://github.com/ldc-developers/ldc) or [GDC](https://gdcproject.org/). | | [dmd/common/](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/tree/master/compiler/src/dmd/common) | Code shared by the front-end and back-end | | [dmd/root/](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/tree/master/compiler/src/dmd/root) | Meant as a portable utility library, but ["it wasn't very good and the only project left using it is dmd"](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/pull/9844#issuecomment-498479516). | DMD has a mostly flat directory structure, so this section aims to divide all source files into logical groups for easier navigation. The groups are roughly ordered by how late they appear in the compilation process. Note that these groups have no strict meaning, the category assignments are a bit subjective. ### Driver | File | Purpose | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| | [main.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/main.d) | The entry point. Contains `main`. | | [mars.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/mars.d) | Argument parsing, path manipulation. | | [cli.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/cli.d) | Define the command line interface | | [dmdparams.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dmdparams.d) | DMD-specific parameters | | [globals.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/globals.d) | Define a structure storing command line options | | [dinifile.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dinifile.d) | Parse settings from .ini file (`sc.ini` / `dmd.conf`) | | [vsoptions.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/vsoptions.d) | Detect the Microsoft Visual Studio toolchain for linking | | [frontend.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/frontend.d) | An interface for using DMD as a library | | [errors.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/errors.d) | Error reporting implementation | | [errorsink.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/errorsink.d) | Error reporting interface | | [target.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/target.d) | Manage target-specific parameters for cross-compiling (for LDC/GDC) | | [compiler.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/compiler.d) | Describe a back-end compiler and implements compiler-specific actions | ### Lexing / parsing | File | Purpose | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| | [lexer.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/lexer.d) | Convert source code into tokens for the D and ImportC parsers | | [location.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/location.d)| Encapsulate file/line/column info for error messages, etc. | | [entity.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/entity.d) | Define "\\&Entity;" escape sequence for strings / character literals | | [tokens.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/tokens.d) | Define lexical tokens. | | [parse.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/parse.d) | D parser, converting tokens into an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) | | [cparse.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/cparse.d) | ImportC parser, converting tokens into an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) | ### Semantic analysis **Symbols and declarations** | File | Purpose | |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | [dsymbol.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dsymbol.d) | Base class for a D symbol, e.g. a variable, function, module, enum etc. | | [identifier.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/identifier.d) | Represents the name of a `Dsymbol` | | [id.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/id.d) | Define strings for pre-defined identifiers (e.g. `sizeof`, `string`) | | [dscope.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dscope.d) | Define a 'scope' on which symbol lookup can be performed | | [dtemplate.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dtemplate.d) | A template declaration or instance | | [dmodule.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/dmodule.d) | Define a package and module | | [mtype.d](https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/compiler/src/dmd/mtype.d) | Define expression types such as `int`, `char[]`, `void function()` | | [arraytypes.d](http