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【船级社】 ABS Guide for Ergonomic Container Lashing 2021-09.pdf
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【船级社】 ABS Guide for Ergonomic Container Lashing 2021-09.pdf
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Guide for
Ergonomic Container Lashing
September 2021
GUIDE FOR
ERGONOMIC CONTAINER LASHING
SEPTEMBER 2021
American Bureau of Shipping
Incorporated by Act of Legislature of
the State of New York 1862
© 2021 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
ABS Plaza
1701 City Plaza Drive
Spring, TX 77389 USA
Foreword (1 September 2021)
ABS has produced this Guide for Ergonomic Container Lashing to provide a single source for ergonomic
criteria related to container lashing and unlashing operations.
Injuries, and sometimes fatalities, related to the lashing and unlashing of containers represent a significant
amount of the incidents that occur onboard container carriers. Container lashing and unlashing is also the
cause of many crew member and dockworker near misses (close calls). During the design and construction
of container carriers the provision of safe work areas for lashing/unlashing personnel is essential.
The purpose of this Guide and the associated notations are to benefit Owners by facilitating a safer, more
ergonomic, working environment. This Guide focuses on the design aspect of lashing access and working
location layout and outfitting. It contains requirements addressing the design aspects of IMO circular
MSC.1/Circ.1352 (CSS Code Annex 14).
The Guide offers two (2) optional notations as follows:
● ERGO(LASH)-R (Ergonomic Lashing – Restricted)
● ERGO(LASH) (Ergonomic Lashing)
The ERGO(LASH)-R notation is applicable to existing container carriers, prescribing requirements based
on good ergonomic practice, relating to container lashing. It is awarded for compliance with the relevant
requirements contained in Section 2 of this Guide. It is considered that it will be more practicable to apply
this notation’s requirements to existing container carriers with the understanding that existing ships are not
required to be enlarged or undergo other major structural modifications.
The ERGO(LASH) notation is applicable to both existing and new container carriers prescribing
enhanced ergonomic requirements based on the design guidelines contained in Section 6 (Design) and
Section 8 (Specialized Container Safety Design), except Subsection 6.3 (Lashing Systems), of Annex 14 of
the Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing (CSS Code) as adopted by MSC.1/Circ.1352. It
is awarded for compliance with the relevant requirements contained in Section 2 of this Guide.
Research conducted by ABS as part of the ABS Mariner Safety Research Initiative (MSRI) has shown that
leading causes of incidents (injuries and near misses) includes among other things, slips/trips and falls,
dropped objects, and incomplete or incorrect lashing/unlashing. To respond to these issues, ABS has used
the MSRI data repository to investigate and identify opportunities to improve working conditions for the
lashing/unlashing activities on deck by addressing the above areas of concern. The different ergonomic
notations can help reduce incidents (injuries and near misses), and improve worker safety and
performance.
The September 2021 edition replaces the requirements for surveys after construction with references to
Section 7-9-37 of the ABS Rules for Survey After Construction (Part 7).
This Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of publication.
Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of
this Guide is the most current.
We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically by email to
rsd@eagle.org.
ABS GUIDE FOR ERGONOMIC CONTAINER LASHING • 2021 ii
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 General..................................................................................................5
1 Introduction.....................................................................................5
2 Application and Scope....................................................................6
3 Terminology.................................................................................... 6
4 Notations.........................................................................................8
4.1 ERGO(LASH)-R Notation.................................................. 8
4.2 ERGO(LASH) Notation...................................................... 8
5 Documentation................................................................................8
5.1 Risk Assessment............................................................... 8
5.2 Design Requirements........................................................ 8
5.3 Results...............................................................................9
6 Process for Obtaining a Notation....................................................9
7 Alternatives.....................................................................................9
7.1 General.............................................................................. 9
7.2 Other Regulations..............................................................9
7.3 Departures from Criteria.................................................... 9
SECTION 2 Requirements for Notation................................................................10
1 Introduction...................................................................................10
2 Risk Assessment Requirements...................................................10
2.1 List the Job Steps............................................................ 11
2.2 Identify Hazards Associated with Each Job Step.............11
2.3 Identify Existing Control Measures for Each Hazard....... 11
2.4 Performing Risk Analysis and Risk Evaluation................ 12
3 Design Requirements................................................................... 13
3.1 General Provisions.......................................................... 13
3.2 Lashing Position Design (Platforms, Bridges and
other Lashing Positions).................................................. 14
3.3 Fencing Design................................................................21
3.4 Ladder and Manhole Design............................................22
3.5 Lashing Equipment Design..............................................27
GUIDE FOR
ERGONOMIC CONTAINER LASHING
ABS GUIDE FOR ERGONOMIC CONTAINER LASHING • 2021 iii
3.6 Lighting Design................................................................ 28
3.7 Specialized (Reefer) Container Safety Design................ 29
TABLE 1 General Provisions...............................................................14
TABLE 2 Lashing Position Design.......................................................14
TABLE 3 Fencing Design.................................................................... 21
TABLE 4 Ladder and Manhole Design................................................22
TABLE 5 Lashing Equipment Design.................................................. 27
TABLE 6 Reefer Container Safety Design.......................................... 30
FIGURE 1 Sample Risk Matrix with Risk Tolerability Criteria................ 13
FIGURE 2 Work Area Between Container Stacks.................................15
FIGURE 3 Lashing Bridge..................................................................... 15
FIGURE 4 Lashing Platforms on Outboard Stanchions.........................17
FIGURE 5 Work Area Between Hatch Covers...................................... 19
FIGURE 6 Fencing Dimensions.............................................................21
FIGURE 7 Ladder Dimensions.............................................................. 23
FIGURE 8 Ladder Access from the Outside of the Lashing Platform....24
FIGURE 9 Ladder Access through the Lashing Platform...................... 25
FIGURE 10 Lashing Platform Manhole Dimensions................................26
FIGURE 11 Vertical Ladder Guard Hoops (Ladder Length ≥ 3 m (10
ft)).........................................................................................27
SECTION 3 Survey Requirements........................................................................ 31
1 General.........................................................................................31
2 Initial Survey During Construction (ERGO(LASH))...................... 31
3 Surveys After Construction (ERGO(LASH)-R and
ERGO(LASH))..............................................................................31
3.1 Initial Survey for Existing Vessels Obtaining the
ERGO(LASH)-R Notation................................................ 31
3.2 Initial Survey for Existing Vessels Obtaining the
ERGO(LASH) Notation.................................................... 31
3.3 Annual Surveys................................................................32
3.4 Special Periodical Surveys (ERGO(LASH)).................... 32
3.5 Requirements for Vessel Alterations................................32
APPENDIX 1 References..........................................................................................33
APPENDIX 2 Risk Assessment Form Template.....................................................34
ABS GUIDE FOR ERGONOMIC CONTAINER LASHING • 2021 iv
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