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毕业论文-基于单片机的自动门控制设计与实现.doc
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毕业论文-基于单片机的自动门控制设计与实现.doc
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毕 业 论 文
毕 业 论 文
题目: 基于单片机的自动门控制设计与实现
毕 业 论 文
目 录
摘 要......................................................................................................................................................................1
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................................2
第一章 绪 论 ...................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 课题研究的必要性.................................................................................................................3
1.2 智能自动门的理论依据......................................................................................................3
1.3 课题的设计要求..................................................................................................................4
1.4 课题研究设计思路..............................................................................................................................6
第二章 方案论证..............................................................................................................................................7
2.1 电动机调速控制....................................................................................................................7
2.2 单片机....................................................................................................................................7
2.3 传感器的分类........................................................................................................................8
2. 4 系统组成 .................................................................................................................................................8
第三章 主要器件的介绍..............................................................................................................................9
3.1 红外传感器的原理和使用..................................................................................................9
3.2 L293D 芯片介绍和典型电路.............................................................................................10
3.3 AT89C51 单片机简介.........................................................................................................11
3.3.1 AT89C51 主要特性..................................................................................................12
3.3.2 AT89C51 管脚说明:................................................................................................12
3.4 稳压模块..............................................................................................................................14
3.5 步进电机..............................................................................................................................14
3.5.1 步进电动机有如下特点:...........................................................................................15
3.5.2 驱动控制系统组成..................................................................................................................15
第四章 系统硬件设计...............................................................................................................................16
4.1 设计电路的电框图和原理................................................................................................16
4.1.1 系统硬件总体逻辑设计............................................................................................16
4.2 设计电路原理图 ................................................................................................................................17
第五章 系统软件设计 .................................................................................................................................18
5.1 系统软件问题.......................................................................................................................18
5.2 方案程序设计思路............................................................................................................18
5.3 系统程序流程图..................................................................................................................19
5.4 软件的汇编程序 ................................................................................................................................20
毕 业 论 文
第六章 调试.......................................................................................................................................................26
6.1 初步检查............................................................................................................................26
6.2 自动化性能测试................................................................................................................26
6.2.1 手工操作....................................................................................................................26
6.2.2 恢复正常运行模式....................................................................................................26
6.3 维护 .......................................................................................................................................................27
结 论.......................................................................................................................................................................28
致 谢 词...............................................................................................................................................................29
参考文献...............................................................................................................................................................30
毕 业 论 文
1
基于单片机红外线自动门控制设计
摘 要 :单片机 SCM(Single Chip Microcomputer),即 MicroController,是把微型计算机
主要部分都集成在一个芯片上的单芯片微型计算机。主要包括了微处理器(CPU)、存储器
(ROM、RAM)、输入/输出口(1/0 口)和定时器/计数器、中断系统等功能部件。单片机自 20 世
纪 70 年代问世以来,以其极高的性能价格比,受到人们的重视和关注,应用很广、发展很快。
而 51 单片机是各单片机中最为典型和最有代表性的一种。
本次设计是红外线自动门控制系统,使用红外线传感器作为感应器,检测到人体辐射的
红外线能量变化,将其转化为电信号,传给单片机。交流电机作为门驱动装置。通过单片机
控制交流电机,使门自动打开,当人进门后又可以使门自动关闭。本课题主要实现红外线检
测和基于AT89C51的单片机控制系统。
关键词:单片机 STC89C52
毕 业 论 文
2
Based on SCM infrared automatic control design
Abstract : Single-chip Microcomputer) SCM (performance Chip cluster generator attempts,
namely, the Microcomputer MicroController, is the main part in a Chip are integrated on the Single
Chip Microcomputer. Mainly includes microprocessor (CPU), memory (ROM, RAM), input/output
(1/0 mouth) and timer/counters, interrupt system function components. SCM since the 1970s, since
the advent of its extremely high performance-price ratio, attention by people and attention, it is
widely used and fast development. And 51 SCM is the most typical and every SCM most
representative one.
This design is infrared automatic control system, using infrared sensors as sensor detects human
radiation infrared energy change, transformed into electrical signals, to microcontroller. Ac motor as
a door drive device. Through the single-chip microcomputer control ac motor, making the door
automatically open, when people can make the door again after the door shut down automatically.
This subject mainly realizes infrared detection and based on AT89C51 single-chip control system.
Key words: SCM STC89C52
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