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IT项目管理复习资料:New -7.docx
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IT项目管理复习资料:New -7.docx
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management
4 core knowledge areas of project management :
1 Project scope
2 time,
3 cost
4 quality management
4 facilitating knowledge areas:
1 human resource
2 communications
3 risk
4 procurement management
9 knowledge areas:
1 scope management
2 Time management
3 Cost management
4 Quality management
5 Human resource management
6 Communications management
7 Risk management
8 Procurement management
9 Project integration management
Advantage of using formal project management?
1 Better control of financial,physical,and human resources
2 improved customer relations
3 shorter development times
4 lower costs and improved productivity
5 higher quality and increased reliability
6 higher profit margins
7 better internal coordination
8 positive impact on meeting strategic goals
9 higher worker morale
What is a project?
A project is “a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product,service,or result.”
Project attributes
1 a project has a unique purpose
2 a project is temporary
3 a project is developed using progressive elaboration
4 a project requires resources,often from various areas
5 a project should have a primary customer or sponsor
6 a project involves uncertainty
The triple constraint of project management:Scope,time,cost
Constraint Importance
Time The time constraint refers to the amount of time available to complete the
project. A tight time constraint could mean increased costs and reduced
scope.
Cost The cost constraint refers to the amount of budget available to complete the
project. A tight cost constraint could mean increased time and reduced
scope. Scope The scope constraint refers to what must to be done to produce
the project's
end result. Scope is based on customer's requirements. Increased scope means
increased time and increased costs.
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2 Project management framework
Suggested Skills for Project Managers
The Project Management Body of Knowledge
Application area knowledge, standards, and regulations
Project environment knowledge
General management knowledge and skills
Soft skills or human relations skills
Project Management Certification
PMI provides certification as a Project Management Professional (PMP)
Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology
Context
Project Phases and the Project Life Cycle
A project life cycle is a collection of project phases that defines:
◦ What work will be performed in each phase
◦ What deliverables will be produced and when
◦ Who is involved in each phase
◦ How management will control and approve work produced in each phase
Figure 2-3. Phases of the Traditional Project Life Cycle
Product Life Cycles
Products also have life cycles
Predictive Life Cycle Models
Waterfall model: has well-defined, linear stages of systems development and support
Spiral model: shows that software is developed using an iterative or spiral approach
rather than a linear approach
Incremental build model: provides for progressive development of operational software
Prototyping model: used for developing prototypes to clarify user requirements
Rapid Application Development (RAD) model: used to produce systems quickly without
sacrificing quality
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