软件工程参考答案(中文注释).doc

软件工程(外文教材)复习

一、 Fill in the blanks(X blanks, 1 point/blank, total

XX points)

(一) Chapter 1

1. Today, software takes on a dual role. It is a product, and the same time, the

vehicle for delivering a product. 1。今天，软件具有双重作用。这是一个产品，同

5. software engineering encompasses(包括) a process, method for managing and

engineering software, and tools. 5。软件工程过程，用于管理和软件工程方法和工

具。

6. Umbrella activities occur throughout the software process and focus primarily

on project management, tracking, and control. 6。伞活动发生在整个软件过程和主要

集中在项目管理，跟踪，控制。

(二) Chapter 2

7. A process was defined as a collection of work activities, actions and tasks that

are performed when some work product is to be created. 定义为一个集合的工作是一个

过程，活动和任务执行时的一些工作产品被创建。

of software development.规定的过程模型最初提出的软件开发的混乱带来秩序。

11. Prescriptive process models have been applied for many years in an effort to

bring order and structure to software development. 11。规定的过程模型已经被应用

在努力使软件开发秩序和结构多年。

12. The Unified Process is a "use case driven, architecture-centric, iterative and

increment" software process designed as a framework for UML methods and tools.

统一的过程是一个“用例驱动，以体系结构为中心，迭代和增量”设计为 UML 的方法和

工具的框架，软件过程

13. The incremental model combines elements of linear and parallel process flows.增量

模型相结合的线性和平行的流程元素。

iterative nature of prototyping with the controlled and systematic aspects of

the waterfall model. 螺旋模型是一种进化的软件过程模型，对原型的迭代性质与控制

和瀑布模型系统方面

17. The spiral development model is a risk-driven process model generator.. The 螺旋

发展模型是风险驱动的过程模型的发电机。

(三) chapter 3

18. An agile process reduces the cost of change because software is released in

increments. 一个敏捷过程中减少变化的成本，因为软件发布增量。

19. Beck defines a set of five values that establish a foundation for all work

performed as part of XP ---- communication, simplicity, feedback, courage, and

事

(四) chapter 4

23. Requirements engineering builds a bridge to design and construction 需求工程

的桥梁设计与施工

24. Requirements engineering encompasses seven distinct tasks: inception,

elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification, validation, and

management. 需求工程包括七个不同的任务：起始，启发，制定，协商，规范，验证，

和管理

25. Quality function deployment identifies three types of requirements: normal

requirements, expected requirements, exciting requirement. 质量功能展开确定了

三种类型的要求：正常的要求，要求，令人兴奋的要求

26. The intent of the analysis model is to provide a description of the required

informational, functional, and behavioral domains for a computer-based system.

分析模型的目的是提供所需信息的描述，功能，和一个基于计算机的系统行为域

(五) chapter 5

27. The requirement model - actually a set of models - is the first technical

quality once the software is built. 分析模型和要求规范一旦建立软件质量评估提

供了一种手段

30. An association defines a relationship between classes. Multiplicity defines how

many of one class are related to how many of another class. 一个关联定义类之

间的关系。多重定义多少一级与另一个类的多少

(六) chapter 6

31. The DFD takes an input-process-output view of a system. DFD 需要一个系统的输入输出过

程观

(七) chapter 7

32. The importance of software design can be stated with a single word-- quality.

34. Functional independence is achieved by developing modules with "single-minded"

function and an "aversion" to excessive interaction with other modules. 功能

独立性是通过发展与“专一”功能和“厌恶”与其他模块的相互作用模块实现过

35. The design model has four major elements: data, architecture, components, and

interface. 设计模式有四大要素：数据，体系结构，成分，和接口

36. At the architectural level, data design focuses on files or databases; at the

component level, data design considers the data structures that are required

to implement local data objects. 在建筑设计，数据以文件或数据库；在组件级别的

数据认为，设计要求实现本地数据对象的数据结构

37. There are three parts to the interface design element: the use interface,

interfaces to system external to the application, and interfaces to components

within the application. 有三个部分：界面设计元素的使用界面，对应用程序的外部

系统的接口，而接口组件内的应用

39. List three types of cohesion within the context of component-level design for

OO system: Functional, layer, communicational, 。表三种衔接在组件级设计中面

向对象的系统：功能，层，通信

40. List three types of cohesion within the context of component-level design for

OO system: Content coupling, common coupling, control coupling. 表三种衔接在

组件级设计中面向对象的系统：内容耦合，公共耦合，控制耦合

41. Three constructs in structured programming are: sequence, condition, and

repetition. 三结构在结构化程序设计：序列，条件，和重复

(十) chapter 10

42. Three golden rules for GUI design are: place the user in control, reduce the

44. Four different models come into play when a user interface is to be analyzed

and designed. These models are: user model, design model, the user's mental model

implementation model. 四种模式进入游戏时，用户界面是被分析和设计。这些模型是：

设计模型，用户模型，用户的心理模型的实现模型

45. As the design of a user interface evolves, four common design issues almost

always surface: system response time, user help facilities, error information

handling, and command labeling. 系统响应时间、用户帮助设施，错误信息处理和命

令标记

46. System response time has two important characteristics: length and variability 系

统的响应时间有两个重要的特征：长度和变异性

47. McCall's quality factors focus on three important aspects of a software product:

product operation, product transition, product revision 麦考尔的质量的因素集

中在一个软件产品的三个重要方面：产品操作，产品过渡，产品修改

right product? V＆V，验证：我们建立产品吗？验证：我们建立正确的产品？

50. Software testing strategy begins from small scale to large scale, undergoes four

different testing: unit testing, Integration testing, validation testing,

System testing. 软件测试的策略，从小型到大型，经历了四个不同的测试：单元测试，

集成测试，确认测试，系统测试

51. Because a component is not a stand-alone program, driver and/or stub software

must often be developed for each unit test. 因为一个组件是不是一个独立的程序，

驱动程序和/或存根软件必须经常被开发为每个单元测试

52. In the context of an integration test strategy, regression testing is the

reexecution of some subset of tests that have already been conducted to ensure