基于51单片机的大棚温湿度检测系统的设计与实现大学论文.doc

基于 51 单片机的大棚温湿度监测系统的设计与实现

摘 要：随着经济的快速发展，我国的农业产业结构发生了很大的变化，其中较

为突出的是温室大棚种植业。鉴于大棚种植业在不同的季节都有较大的产量，所

以越来越多的农民采用温室大棚种植蔬菜。温度、湿度和光照度的控制是温室大

棚得到高产量的关键要素。若要测量温湿度和光照度，对于大量的大棚而言，仅

靠温度测量计来实现，需要更多的人力和物力。随着农业的产业范围不断发展与

扩大，采用这种传统测量大棚温湿度的方法，具有很大的局限性和不足之处。如

今，自动监测棚内温湿度的装置被越来越多的用户采用。

本文设计了基于 STC89C52RC 单片机的温室大棚温湿度监测系统，主要包

关键字：STC89C52RC 单片机；数字温湿度传感器 DTH11；光照传感器 BH1750

FVI；LCD1602 液晶显示屏

Design and implementation of the greenhouse temperature

and humidity detection system based on 51 single chip

microcomputer

Abstract: With the development of economy, great changes have taken place in the

agricultural industry in our country, one of the more prominent changes is the

greenhouse planting. In different seasons, the greenhouse planting has a great

production, more and more farmers use greenhouses to grow vegetables. Controlling

more and more farmer in the shed.

In this paper, the temperature and humidity monitoring system of greenhouse

based on STC89C52RC MCU are designed, mainly including circuit design and

software design. The system uses the single-chip microcomputer as the core through

the digital temperature and humidity sensor DTH11 and light sensor BH1750 to

collect the temperature and humidity and light intensity of the greenhouse. The data

are collected by the sensor feed back to the MCU for the corresponding analysis and

processing according to the received data, the results are shown on the LCD1602

liquid crystal display monitor. If beyond the preset temperature, humidity and light

intensity limit, the microcontroller control open indicator lamp, while controlling the

目 录

一、论文（设计）正文.................................................................................................1

1 绪论 ..............................................................3

1.1 选题背景与意义 ..............................................................................................3

1.2 国内外研究现状 ..............................................................................................4

1.3 主要研究内容 ..................................................................................................5

1.4 论文结构 ........................................................................................................5

2 总体分析与设计 ....................................................6

2.1 可行性分析 ......................................................................................................6

2.2 需求分析 ..........................................................................................................7

2.2.1 系统需求 ......................................................................................................8

2.4 系统实现原理 ................................................................................................10

3 硬件部分设计 .....................................................11

3.1 STC89C52 单片机 .........................................................................................11

3.1.1 STC89C52 的主要特性 .............................................................................11

3.1.2 STC89C52 的引脚图 .................................................................................12

3.1.3 电源电路设计 ............................................................................................13

3.1.4 复位电路设计 ............................................................................................13

3.1.5 晶振电路设计 ............................................................................................14

3.1.6 按键电路设计 ............................................................................................15

3.1.7 控制电路设计 ............................................................................................15

3.3.2 光照传感器的主要特性 ............................................................................20

3.3.3 光照传感器电路 ........................................................................................21

3.4 LCD1602 液晶显示屏 ...................................................................................21

3.4.1 LCD1602 简述 ...........................................................................................21

3.4.2 LCD1602 引脚 ...........................................................................................21

3.4.3 LCD1602 指令表 .......................................................................................22

4 软件部分设计 ....................................................25

4.1 程序语言及开发环境 ....................................................................................25

4.2 程序流程图 ....................................................................................................26

4.2.1 系统总体流程图 ........................................................................................26

4.3.4 指示灯与继电器模块 ...............................................................................34

5 系统功能实现与测试 ...............................................36

5.1 系统功能实现 ................................................................................................36

5.1.1 显示界面 ....................................................................................................36

5.1.2 温度湿度及光照度设置界面 ....................................................................37

6 总结 .............................................................41

参考文献 ..........................................................42

谢 辞 ............................................................43

二、 附录 .........................................................44

宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计开题报告 ..................................44

宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计结题报告 ..................................45