基于 ArcGIS 平台的三维空间数据库的设计与应用
杨忠
【摘 要】随着数字城市的发展,传统的二维 GIS 已经无法满足当前的需要,三维 GIS
在可视化、漫游、真实度等方面具有明显的优势,正逐步替代二维 GIS.三维 GIS 的
核心就是三维空间数据库的设计,在三维空间数据库设计中面临三维空间的复杂性,
三维模型建设周期长,二、三维数据联动性差以及浏览效果差等问题.分析了三维空
间数据库特点,对比了多种三维建模方法,深入研究二维三维数据联动技术,采用
SketchUP 批量处理二维 GIS 数据,实现快速三维场景建模,利用 ArcGIS 平台驱动
三维模型实现二维三维数据联动.该方法设计的三维空间数据库保证了二、三维数
据的无缝连接,实现了三维空间查找和全景浏览.为三维空间数据库的建设提供了一
种简单、高效、真实度高的技术方法.%With the development of digital
city,the traditional 2D GIS has been unable to meet the current needs,and
the 3D GIS has ob-vious advantages in visualization,roaming,authenticity
and so on,which is gradually replacing 2D GIS.The core of 3D GIS is the 3D
spatial database design which faces with these problems of the complexity
in three-dimensional space,the long cycle of the three-dimen-sional model
construction,the poor linkage between two and three dimensional data
and the effect of poor browsing.For this,we analyze the characteristics of
the three-dimensional spatial database,compare several kinds of modeling
methods,and deeply study the 2D and 3D data linkage technology.The
SketchUP batch processing is used for 2D GIS data in order to realize the
three-dimensional scene model-ing,and the 3D model is driven by ArcGIS
platform to realize 2D and 3D data linkage.The three-dimensional space