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超声波测距电路设计设计.docx
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超声波测距电路设计
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摘 要
随着单片机技术的发展,各种控制系统都趋向于自动化。以单片机为核心的控制
系统体积小、功能强、价格低,因而在众多领域得到广泛应用,并显示出广阔前景。
论文介绍了一种运用单片机和 CX20106A 组成的超声波测距系统。本设计主要以
STC89C51作为控制核心,包括键盘输入模块,超声波发射模块,超声波接收模块
(CX20106A),数码管显示模块,报警模块。主要实现超声波测距并显示功能,依
据实际的测量精度要求还可以添加温度补偿电路。
本系统成本低廉,功能实用。硬件系统具有良好的性能,且由于构成系统的器件
应用普遍,便于维护。因此,本设计具有较强的性价比及实用性。
关键词: STC89C51;CX20106A ; 超声波发射模块; 超声波接收模块;
LED 显示电路
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Abstract
Along with the monolithic integrated circuit technology development,
each kind of control system all tends to the automation. By the monolithic
integrated circuit for the core control system volume small, the function
strong, the price is low, thus obtains the widespread application in the
multitudinous domain, and demonstrates the broad prospect.
This design is based mainly on STC89C51 chip core ultrasonic range
finder, and a ultrasonic processing module CX20106A, CD4069 composed
of ultrasonic transmitter, digital display devices such as composition,
including the SCM system, ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver
circuit, MCU Resetcircuit, LED display circuit.Ultrasonic Distance and
direction to achieve the main functionality.Based on the actual
measurement accuracy can also add temperature compensation circuit.The
system cost, functional and practical.Hardware system has good
performance, and constitute a system of device applications as universal,
easy maintenance.Therefore, this design has a strong cost-effective and
practical.
Keywords: stc89c51 ;CX20106A ; ultrasonic emission of ultrasonic
receiver ; LED display circuit;
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目录
摘 要.........................................................................................................I
Abstract ..................................................................................................II
目录........................................................................................................III
1 绪论 ......................................................................................................1
1.1 课题意义........................................................................................1
1.2 单片机发展历史 ................................................................................1
2 超声波测距仪系统的硬件和软件的功能分析 .................................................3
2.1 超声波测距的设计原理论证 ...............................................................3
2.1.1 超声波测距仪的设计思路 ..............................................................3
2.1.2 超声波测距原理 ...........................................................................3
2.1.3 超声波测距仪原理框图..................................................................4
2.2 电超声波测距仪系统的软件方案论证 ....................................................5
3 超声波测距仪系统的硬件设计....................................................................6
3.1 STC89C51 简介 .............................................................................6
3.2 数码管显示的设计..........................................................................12
3.2.1 八位 7 段数码管工作原理 ..........................................................12
3.3 超声波发射电路模块设计 ................................................................13
3.4 超声波接收电路模块设计..................................................................14
3.4.1 超声波接收电路设计原理.............................................................14
3.4.2 CX20106A.............................................................................15
4 超声波测距系统的软件设计 .....................................................................17
4.1 程序的总体设计...............................................................................17
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4.1.1 主程序设计................................................................................17
4.2 40KHZ 脉冲的产生与超声波发射 .................................................... 18
4.3 显示子程序和蜂鸣报警子程序设计 .....................................................20
5 超声波测距仪调试与测试 ........................................................................21
5.1 调试...............................................................................................21
5.1.1 硬件调试...................................................................................21
5.1.2 软件调试...................................................................................23
结 论....................................................................................................25
结束语....................................................................................................26
致 谢....................................................................................................27
参考文献.................................................................................................28
附录 I——程序源码...................................................................................29
附录 II——电路原理图 ..............................................................................48
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