交互式的图形用户界面用于绘制简单的图形

import tkinter as tk from tkinter import colorchooser, filedialog from tkinter import ttk from PIL import ImageGrab # 这段Python代码使用Tkinter库实现了一个交互式的图形用户界面（GUI），用于绘制简单的图形，如点线、直线、矩形和椭圆。用户可以通过鼠标在界面上绘制这些图形。主要功能如下： # # 图形选择：用户可以通过下拉菜单选择要绘制的图形（点线、直线、矩形和椭圆）。 # 线型选择：用户可以选择不同的线型（实线、虚线、点线、虚点线）。 # 颜色选择：用户可以通过颜色选择器选择绘图颜色。 # 保存功能：用户可以将绘制的图形保存为图像文件。 # 清除画布：用户可以清除画布上的所有图形。 # 退出程序：用户可以退出程序。 class DrawApp: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("DrawApp") self.root.geometry("800x600") self.root.configure(background='white') self.root.update_idletasks() self.root.eval('tk::PlaceWindow . center') self.current_color = "black" self.current_shape = "dot" self.current_line_type = "-" self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.root, bg="white", width=700, height=500) self.canvas.pack(pady=20) self.control_frame = ttk.Frame(self.root) self.control_frame.pack(pady=10) self.add_controls() self.canvas.bind("<Button-1>", self.start_draw) self.canvas.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.draw) self.canvas.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.end_draw) self.start_x, self.start_y = None, None self.current_obj = None def add_controls(self): ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Shape: ").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5) self.shape_menu = ttk.Combobox(self.control_frame, values=["dot", "line", "rectangle", "oval"]) self.shape_menu.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5) self.shape_menu.current(0) self.shape_menu.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", self.change_shape) ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Line Type: ").grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5) self.line_menu = ttk.Combobox(self.control_frame, values=["-", "--", ":", "-."]) self.line_menu.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5) self.line_menu.current(0) self.line_menu.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", self.change_line_type) ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Color: ").grid(row=0, column=4, padx=5) self.color_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Choose Color", command=self.choose_color) self.color_button.grid(row=0, column=5, padx=5) self.save_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Save", command=self.save_image) self.save_button.grid(row=0, column=6, padx=5) self.clear_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Clear", command=self.clear_canvas) self.clear_button.grid(row=0, column=7, padx=5) self.exit_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Exit", command=self.root.quit) self.exit_button.grid(row=0, column=8, padx=5) def change_shape(self, event): self.current_shape = self.shape_menu.get() def change_line_type(self, event): self.current_line_type = self.line_menu.get() def choose_color(self): color_code = colorchooser.askcolor(title="Choose color") if color_code: self.current_color = color_code[1] def start_draw(self, event): self.start_x, self.start_y = event.x, event.y if self.current_shape == "dot": self.current_obj = self.canvas.create_oval(self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x + 1, event.y + 1, fill=self.current_color, outline=self.current_color) def draw(self, event): if self.current_shape == "line": if self.current_obj: self.canvas.delete(self.current_obj) self.current_obj = self.canvas.create_line(self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, fill=self.current_color, dash=self.line_type_to_dash(self.current_line_type)) elif self.current_shape == "rectangle": if self.current_obj: self.canvas.delete(self.current_obj) self.current_obj = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, outline=self.current_color, dash=self.line_type_to_dash(self.current_line_type)) elif self.current_shape == "oval": if self.current_obj: self.canvas.delete(self.current_obj) self.current_obj = self.canvas.create_oval(self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, outline=self.current_color, dash=self.line_type_to_dash(self.current_line_type)) def end_draw(self, event): self.current_obj = None def line_type_to_dash(self, line_type): if line_type == "--": return (5, 2) elif line_type == ":": return (2, 2) elif line_type == "-.": return (5, 2, 2, 2) else: return None def save_image(self): file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension=".png", filetypes=[("PNG files", "*.png"), ("All files", "*.*")]) if file_path: x = self.root.winfo_rootx() + self.canvas.winfo_x() y = self.root.winfo_rooty() + self.canvas.winfo_y() x1 = x + self.canvas.winfo_width() y1 = y + self.canvas.winfo_height() ImageGrab.grab().crop((x, y, x1, y1)).save(file_path) def clear_canvas(self): self.canvas.delete("all") if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = DrawApp(root) root.mainloop()