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Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理(良心出品必属精品).doc
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Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理(良心出品必属精品).doc
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1
Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
语法
一.介词 by 的用法
1.by 意为“通过”,其后常接名词或动词-ing 形式。用来表示“以、
通过、用(某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的,常用来
回答 how 引导的特殊疑问句。by doing sth 意为“通过做某事”
—How does the boy improve his spoken English?
—By talking with a foreigner.
(1)—How do you learn English so well?
— chatting with my uncle in America online.
A. By B. With C. In D.And
(2)Jackson studied Chinese by __________ tapes.
A. listening B. to listen C. listening to D. to
listening to
2.by+时间,意为“不迟于,在……之前”I have to go to bed by
ten o’clock.
3.by+地点,意为“在……旁”Jim sat down by the window.
4.by+交通工具,意为“乘……”I go to school by bike.
5.由 by 构成的固定短语:by the way 顺便说一下 by oneself
独自=alone
二.现在完成时的用法
(一)用法:
1.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果.常用
的标志词有 already(“已经”,用于肯定句),yet(“还,已经”,
用于否定句和疑问句),ever(“曾经”),never(“绝不,从
不”),just(“刚刚”),before(“以前”),once(“一
次”),twice(“两次”).
I have already eaten the dinner.(说明我现在饱了)。
I have already seen the film.
2
(1)You don’t need to describe her. I ______ her
several times.
A. meet B. will meet C. have met
(2)—Hi,guys.Where are you heading(向……行进) now?
—Home.We all our money,so we have to walk home
now.
A. spend B.spent C. have spent D.are spending
(3)Have you ever seen him ________?
A. ago B. two days ago C. before D. just now
2.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态,一直持续到现在。经常与时间
状语 for+时间段,since+时间点或一般过去时从句, 如:for five
minutes(5 分钟)
since 1985(自从 1985 年一直到现在).since he was five
years old(自从他是五岁的时候一直到现在)
现在完成时的标志语还有 so far“到目前为止”
注意:此时谓语动词要用延续性动词,若是非延续性动词要变成
延续性动词。
leave-be away borrow-keep buy-have begin-be on
die-be dead
join-be a member of go/come-be in open-be open
become-be
I have waited for you for three hours.我一直等你等了三个
小时。
He has been away for a month.他已经离开一个月了。(has been
away 不能用 has left)
Her brother has been a member of army for three years.
(has been a member of army 不能用 has joined army)
Han Mei has kept the book since last week.(has kept 不能
用 has borrowed)
(1)I my hometown for a long time.I really miss it.
3
A. left B.went away from C. have left D.have been
away from
(2)—How do you like your English teacher?
—He is great.We all love him.We friends since
three years ago.
A. were B.have made C. have been D.have become
(3)—Anna,you Chinese is good. have you been in
China?
—Since I was ten.
A.How long B.How far C. How often D.How soon
(4)Has the movie begun? Yes, it ____ for five minutes.
A. has begun B. began C. has been on
(二)现在完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句的构成
1.现在完成时的肯定句的构成是:主语+have/has+动词过去分词+
其他. (have 用于各种人称,has 用于第三人称单数)
He has already posted the letter.(他已经寄了那封信)
2.现在完成时的否定句的构成是:主语+have/has+not+动词过去分
词+其他.
He hasn’t posted the letter yet.他还没有寄那封信(注
意:否定句中要把 already 变成 yet)
3.现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成是:Have/Has+主语+动词过去分
词+其他.
肯定回答是 Yes,主语+have/has 否定回答是 No,主语
+haven’t/hasn’t
Has he posted the letter yet? Yes,he has/No,he hasn’t
(三)have/has gone to 与 have/has been to 的区别
1.have/has gone to 意为“已经去……地方了(还没回来,不在
说话人所在的地方)”
—Where is Li Lei? —He has gone to school.
2.have/has been to 意为“曾经去过……地方(已回来)
4
—Where have you been? —I have been to the library.
(1)She isn’t at the cinema now because she the
library.
A.has been to B.have been to C.has gone to D.have
gone to
(2)—I think the man over there must be Bob.
—It be him.He has to Australia.
A. can’t;gone B.can’t;been C. may not;been
D.mustn’t;gone
(3)—Have you ever been to Canada?
—Yes,I there last year with my parents.
A. have been B.have gone C. went D.go
(4) —Where is Jhon? —He ___ the supermarket.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone
Section A
1.ask for sth 索要某物 ask sb for sth“向某人索要某物”
He asked his mother for some money.
(1)He always asks me advice whatever he does.
A. for B. on C. of
(2)She wrote to her friend and information about
computer programming.
A. asked for B. went for C. cared
for D.paid for
2.the way to do sth=the way of doing sth.“做某事的方法”
3.区分 watch,see,read 和 look
(1)watch 强调看正在运动或变化的事物。多指看电视、录像、比
赛、表演等。 (2)see 用于看电影,We saw a wonderful film
yesterday.
另外 see 侧重于结果,指“看见,看到” Can you see the bird
in the tree?
5
(3)read 意为“看”时,指“阅读;朗读”,后面接书、报纸、杂
志等。
He likes reading storybooks.
(4) look 强调“看”的过程,后面接宾语,则用 look at.
Look at the blackboard,please.
Look! The boy is watching the football game.His
father is seeing a film,and his mother is reading a
newspaper.
(1)Jim has many books.He likes them very much.
A.reading B.seeing C.looking D.watching
(2) ! Yao Ming is in the basketball game.Let’s
it.
A.Look;look B.Watch;watch C.Look;watch
D.Watch;look
4.have conversations with sb.“和某人交谈”
He had conversations with his son yesterday.
5. What about…? =How about…?意为“……怎么样”或“……好
不好?”接代词宾格或动词-ing。
I think this is a good idea.What about you?
What about visiting the East Lake?
—We don’t have much homework this weekend.Can we go
out together?
—OK.What about a movie?
A. to see B.seeing C. see D. sees
6.aloud“大声地,出声地” read aloud 朗读
loudly“大声地,吵闹地”,强调声音喧闹,不悦耳。
The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the
teacher unhappy.
A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
7.在英语中,可以用动词不定式形式表示目的. 译为“为了”。
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