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2019美赛ICM/MCM题目(逐段显示,中英对照版)
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2019美赛题目翻译。 中英逐段对照。 仅限题目,无其他内容。
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2019 MCM
Problem A: Game of Ecology
In the fictional television series Game of Thrones, based on the series of epic fantasy novels A Song of Ice
and Fire [1] , three dragons are raised by Daenerys Targaryen, the “Mother of Dragons.” When hatched, the
dragons are small, roughly 10 kg, and after a year grow to roughly 30-40 kg. They continue to grow
throughout their life depending on the conditions and amount of food available to them.
在虚构的电视连续剧“权力的游戏”中,基于一系列史诗般的幻想小说“冰与火之歌”[1],三只龙是由“龙之母”的
Daenerys Targaryen提出的。当孵化时,龙是小的, 大约10公斤,一年后长到大约30-40公斤。 它们在整个
生命过程中都会继续增长,这取决于它们的食物条件和数量。
For the purposes of this problem, consider these three fictional dragons are living today. Assume that the
basic biology of dragons described above is accurate. You will need to make some additional assumptions
about dragons that might include, for example, that dragons are able to fly great distances, breath fire, and
resist tremendous trauma. As you address the problem requirements, it should be clear how your
assumptions are related to the physical constraints of the functions, size, diet, changes, or other
characteristics associated with the animals.
出于这个问题的目的,考虑这三个虚构的龙今天生活。 假设上述龙的基本生物学是准确的。 您将需要对龙进
行一些额外的假设,例如,龙可以飞得很远,呼吸火焰,并抵御巨大的创伤。 当您解决问题要求时,应该清
楚您的假设如何与功能,大小,饮食,变化或与动物相关的其他特征的物理限制相关。
Your team is assigned to analyze dragon characteristics, behavior, habits, diet, and interaction with their
environment. To do so, you will have to consider many questions. At a minimum, address the following:
您的团队被分配来分析龙的特征,行为,习惯,饮食以及与环境的互动。 为此,您将不得不考虑许多问题。
至少应解决以下问题:
What is the ecological impact and requirements of the dragons? What are the energy expenditures of the
dragons, and what are their caloric intake requirements? How much area is required to support the three
dragons? How large a community is necessary to support a dragon for varying levels of assistance that can
be provided to the dragons? Be clear about what factors you are considering when addressing these
questions.
龙的生态影响和要求是什么? 龙的能量消耗是多少,它们的热量摄入量要求是多少? 支持三条龙需要多少面
积? 需要多大的社区来支持龙,以获得可以提供给龙的不同程度的援助? 在解决这些问题时,请清楚您正在
考虑哪些因素。
As with other animals that migrate, dragons might travel to different regions of the world with very different
climates. How important are the climate conditions to your analysis? For example, would moving a dragon
between an arid region, a warm temperate region, and an arctic region make a big difference in the
resources required to maintain and grow a dragon?
与其他迁徙的动物一样,龙可能会以不同的气候前往世界不同的地区。 气候条件对您的分析有多重要? 例
如,在干旱地区,暖温带地区和北极地区之间移动龙会对维持和种植龙所需的资源产生很大影响吗?
Once your dragon analysis is complete, draft a two-page letter to the author of A Song of Ice and Fire,
George R.R. Martin, to provide guidance about how to maintain the realistic ecological underpinning of the
story, especially with respect to the movement of dragons from arid regions to temperate regions and to
arctic regions.
一旦你的龙分析完成,请写一封两页的信给“冰与火之歌”的作者George RR Martin,以提供关于如何保持故
事的现实生态基础的指导,特别是关于 从干旱地区到温带地区和北极地区的龙。
While your dragon analysis does not directly apply to a real physical situation, the mathematical modeling
itself makes use of many realistic features used in modeling a situation. Aside from the modeling activities
themselves, describe and discuss a situation outside of the realm of fictional dragons that your modeling
efforts might help inform and provide insight? Your submission should consist of:
虽然您的龙分析并不直接适用于真实的物理情况,但数学建模本身会利用许多用于建模情境的实际特征。 除
了建模活动本身,描述和讨论虚构龙领域之外的情况,您的建模工作可能有助于提供信息并提供洞察力? 您
的提交应包括:
One-page Summary Sheet,
Two-page letter,
Your solution of no more than 20 pages, for a maximum of 23 pages with your summary and letter.
Note: Reference list and any appendices do not count toward the 23-page limit and should appear
after your completed solution.
单页摘要表.
两页的信,
您的解决方案不超过20页,最多23页,包含您的摘要和信函。
注意:参考列表和任何附录不计入23页限制,应在完成解决方案后显示。
NOTE: You should not make use of unauthorized images and materials whose use is restricted by copyright
laws. Please be careful in how you use and cite the sources for your ideas and the materials used in your
report.
注意:您不应使用未经授权的图像和使用受版权法限制的材料。 请注意您如何使用和引用您的想法和您所使
用的材料的来源 报告。
Reference
1. Penguin Random House (2018). A Song of Ice and Fire Series. Retrieved from https://www.penguinrand
omhouse.com/series/SOO/a-song-of-ice-and-fire/.
Problem B: Send in the Drones: Developing an Aerial
Disaster Relief Response System
Background: In 2017, the worst hurricane to ever hit the United States territory of Puerto Rico (see
Attachment 1) left the island with severe damage and caused over 2900 fatalities. The combined destructive
power of the hurricane’s storm surge and wave action produced extensive damage to buildings, homes, and
roads, particularly along the east and southeast coast of Puerto Rico. The storm, with its fierce winds and
heavy rain, knocked down 80 percent of Puerto Rico's utility poles and all transmission lines, resulting in loss
of power to essentially all of the island's 3.4 million residents. In addition, the storm damaged or destroyed
the majority of the island’s cellular communication networks. The electrical power and cell service outages
lasted for months across much of the island, and longer in some locations. Widespread flooding blocked
and damaged many highways and roads across the island, making it nearly impossible for emergency
services ground vehicles to plan and navigate their routes. The full extent of the damage in Puerto Rico
remained unclear for some time; dozens of areas were isolated and without communication. Demands for
medical supplies, lifesaving equipment, and treatment strained health-care clinics, hospital emergency
rooms, and non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) relief operations. Demand for medical care continued
to surge for some time as the chronically ill turned to hospitals and temporary shelters for care.
2017年,遭受美国波多黎各领土袭击的最严重飓风(见附件1)使该岛遭受严重破坏,造成2900多人死亡。
飓风风暴潮和波浪作用的综合破坏力对建筑物,房屋和道路造成了广泛的破坏,尤其是波多黎各东部和东南
沿海地区。风暴和暴雨带来的风暴击倒了波多黎各80%的电线杆和所有输电线路,导致岛上340万居民基本
丧失了电力。此外,风暴还破坏或摧毁了岛上大部分的蜂窝通信网络。岛上大部分地区的电力和电池服务中
断持续数月,而在某些地区则更长。广泛的洪水阻塞并破坏了岛上的许多高速公路和道路,使得紧急服务地
面车辆几乎不可能规划和导航他们的路线。波多黎各的全面破坏程度在一段时间内仍不明朗;数十个地区被孤
立,没有沟通。对医疗用品,救生设备和治疗紧张的保健诊所,医院急诊室和非政府组织(NG)救济行动的
需求。由于长期病患转向医院和临时住所接受护理,医疗保健需求持续激增一段时间。
Problem: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are often challenged to provide adequate and timely
response during or after natural disasters, such as the hurricane that struck the United States territory of
Puerto Rico in 2017. One NGO in particular – HELP, Inc. - is attempting to improve its response capabilities
by designing a transportable disaster response system called “DroneGo.” DroneGo will use rotor wing
drones to deliver pre-packaged medical supplies and provide high-resolution aerial video reconnaissance.
Selected drones should be able to perform these two missions – medical supply delivery and video
reconnaissance – simultaneously or separately, depending on relief conditions and scheduling. HELP, Inc.
has identified various candidate rotor wing drones that it would like your team to consider for possible use
in designing its DroneGo fleet (see Attachments 2, 3).
非政府组织(NGO)经常受到挑战,在自然灾害期间或之后提供充分和及时的反应,例如2017年袭击波多黎
各美国领土的飓风。特别是一个非政府组织 - HELP,Inc .--正在尝试 通过设计一个名为“DroneGo”的可移动
灾难响应系统来提高其响应能力.Dronone将使用旋翼无人机提供预先封装的医疗用品并提供高分辨率航拍视
频侦察。 选定的无人机应该能够同时或单独执行这两项任务 - 医疗供应和视频侦察 - 取决于救援条件和时间
安排。 HELP,Inc。已经确定了各种候选转子翼无人机,希望您的团队考虑将其用于设计其DroneGo车队
(见附件2,3)。
DroneGo’s pre-packaged medical supplies, called medical packages, are meant to augment, not replace, the
supplies provided by local medical assistance organizations on-site within the country affected by the
disaster. HELP, Inc. is planning on three different medical packages referred to as MED1, MED2, and MED3.
Drones will carry these medical packages within drone cargo bays for delivery to selected locations (see
Attachments 4, 5). Depending on the specific drone being used to transport medical supplies, it may be
possible that multiple medical packages can be transported in a single drone cargo bay. Note that drones
must land on the ground to offload medical supplies from the drone cargo bays. The video capability of the
drones will provide high-resolution video of damaged and serviceable transportation road networks to
HELP, Inc.’s command and control center for ground-based route planning.
DroneGo的预包装医疗用品,称为医疗包,旨在增加而不是取代受灾害影响的国家内现场医疗援助组织提供
的用品。 HELP,Inc。计划推出三种不同的医疗包,称为MED1,MED2和MED3。 无人机将在无人机货舱内
携带这些医疗包裹,以便运送到选定的地点(见附件4,5)。 根据用于运输医疗用品的特定无人机,可能可以
在单个无人机货舱中运输多个医疗包。 请注意,无人机必须降落在地面上以从无人机货舱卸载医疗用品。 无
人机的视频功能将为HELP,Inc。的地面路线规划指挥和控制中心提供损坏和可维修的交通道路网络的高分
辨率视频。
HELP, Inc. will use International Standards Organization (ISO) standard dry cargo containers to quickly
transport a complete DroneGo disaster response system to a particular disaster area. The individual
shipping containers for all drones in the DroneGo fleet, along with all required medical packages, must fit
within a maximum of three of the ISO cargo containers to be delivered to a single location, or up to three
different locations if three cargo containers are used in the disaster area. Each shipping container’s contents
should be packed in order to minimize any need for buffer materials for unused space. Table 1 shows the
dimensions of an ISO standard dry cargo container.
HELP,Inc。将使用国际标准组织(ISO)标准干货集装箱快速将完整的DroneGo灾难响应系统运输到特定的
灾区。 DroneGo船队中所有无人机的个别运输容器以及所有必需的医疗包装必须最多容纳三个ISO货物集装
箱才能运送到一个地点,如果三个货物集装箱是三个不同的位置,则最多可以容纳三个不同的地点。 用过的
在灾区。 应包装每个运输容器的内容,以便最大限度地减少对未使用空间的缓冲材料的需求。 表1显示了
ISO标准干货集装箱的尺寸。
HELP, Inc. is asking your team to use the 2017 situation in Puerto Rico to design a DroneGo disaster
response system that will fit within the containers noted while meeting the anticipated medical supply
demands during a potential similar future disaster scenario. It is possible that the demand requirements of
this scenario may exceed the capabilities of the drone fleet your team identifies. If this occurs, HELP, Inc.
wants to clearly understand any tradeoffs that it must make for implementing solutions to address these
shortcomings.
HELP,Inc。要求您的团队利用2017年在波多黎各的情况设计一个DroneGo灾难响应系统,该系统将适合所
述容器,同时在潜在的类似未来灾难情景中满足预期的医疗供应需求。 此方案的需求可能超出您的团队识别
的无人机机队的能力。 如果发生这种情况,HELP,Inc。希望清楚地理解为实现解决这些缺点的解决方案必
须做出的任何权衡。
Part 1. Develop a DroneGo disaster response system to support the
Puerto Rico hurricane disaster scenario.
开发DroneGo灾难响应系统,以支持波多黎各飓风灾难情景。
Consider the background information, the requirements identified in the problem statement, and the
information provided in the problem attachments to address the following.
请考虑背景信息,问题陈述中确定的要求以及问题附件中提供的信息,以解决以下问题。
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