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Cross-Platform

Development

in C++

Building Mac OS X, Linux,

and Windows Applications

Syd Logan

Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco

New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid

Cape Town • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City

Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their

products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book,

and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed

with initial capital letters or in all capitals.

The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make

no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors

or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in

connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained

herein.

The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for

bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom

covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and

branding interests. For more information, please contact:

U.S. Corporate and Government Sales

(800) 382-3419

corpsales@pearsontechgroup.com

For sales outside the United States please contact:

International Sales

international@pearsoned.com

Visit us on the Web: www.informit.com/title/9780321246424 and

www.crossplatformbook.com

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Logan, Syd.

Cross-platform development in C++ : building Mac OS X, Linux, and Windows

applications / Syd Logan.

p. cm.

ISBN 0-321-24642-X (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cross-platform software development.

2. C++ (Computer program language) I. Title.

QA76.76.D47L65 2007

005.13’3--dc22

2007036292

protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to

any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any

form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise.

For information regarding permissions, write to:

Pearson Education, Inc.

Rights and Contracts Department

501 Boylston Street, Suite 900

Boston, MA 02116

Fax: (617) 671-3447

ISBN-13: 978-0-321-24642-4

ISBN-10: 0-321-24642-X

Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at RR Donnelly in Crawfordsville,

Indiana.

First printing December 2007

Editor-in-Chief

Mark Taub

Acquisitions Editor

Greg Doench

Development Editor

Michael Thurston

Managing Editor

Gina Kanouse

Project Editor

Anne Goebel

Copy Editor

Keith Cline

Indexer

Erika Millen

Proofreader

Kathy Ruiz

Technical Reviewers

Jim Dunn

Amy Fong

Hang Lau

Stephen Morse

Lew Pitcher

Sean Su

Namachivayam

Thirumazshusai

Doug Turner

Roy Yokohama

Publishing

Coordinator

Andrea Bledsoe

Cover Designer

Gary Adair

Composition

Nonie Ratcliff

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii

About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Areas That Can Affect Software Portability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

The Role of Abstraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1 Policy and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Item 1: Make All of Your Platforms a Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Item 2: Code from a Common Codebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Platform Factory Implementations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Implementation Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Platform-Speciﬁc ProcessesImpl Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Creating the Instance Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Organizing the Project in CVS or SVN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Makeﬁles and Building the Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Item 3: Require Developers to Compile Their Code

with Different Compilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Item 4: Require Developers to Build Their Code on

Multiple Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Item 5: Test Builds on Each Supported Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Item 6: Pay Attention to Compiler Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

GNU Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Microsoft Visual C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Contents

vii

2 Build System/Toolchain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Item 7: Use Whatever Compiler Makes the Most Sense

for a Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Item 8: Use Native IDEs When Appropriate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Item 9: Install and Use Cygwin on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Item 10: Use a Cross-Platform Make System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Make . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Building on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Autoconf/Automake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Imake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Installing on Mac OS X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Installing on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Using Imake, an Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Imakeﬁles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Building a Complete Program from Multiple Sources . . . . . . . . . 95

Overriding Defaults with site.def . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Eliminating #ifdefs in Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Files Used by Imake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Building Projects with Subdirectories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Building Debug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

3 Software Conﬁguration Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Item 11: Use a Cross-Platform Bug Reporting and

Tracking System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Ability to Track Platform-Speciﬁc Bugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Bugzilla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Item 12: Set Up a Tinderbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Item 13: Use CVS or Subversion to Manage Source Code . . . . . . . 147

Setting Up and Using CVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Item 14: Use Patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

An Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Patch Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Dealing with Rejects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Patch and Cross-Platform Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

viii Contents

剩余566页未读，继续阅读

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qlong_008

2012-01-19

很好的一本书，更多讲的不是语言本身，而是说平台环境，编译器
peteryangwin

2014-10-27

英文原版，英语不好，读起来很吃力。

kittyjie

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