美国《固定式储能系统安装标准》NFPA 855-2023

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### 美国《固定式储能系统安装标准》NFPA 855-2023 #### 标准概述 《固定式储能系统安装标准》NFPA 855-2023是由美国国家消防协会（National Fire Protection Association，简称NFPA）发布的一套行业标准。该标准为固定式储能系统的安装提供了安全指导和技术规范，旨在减少与储能系统相关的火灾和爆炸风险。作为一项重要的行业标准，NFPA 855-2023不仅适用于电池储能系统，还包括其他形式的能量存储设备。 #### 适用范围与目标 NFPA 855-2023主要针对固定式储能系统的设计、安装、运行和维护提供了一套全面的安全要求。这些要求覆盖了从小型住宅储能系统到大型工业储能系统的各个应用场景。通过实施这一标准，可以有效地降低储能系统在运行过程中可能产生的安全风险，并确保其符合相关的消防安全规定。 #### 标准结构与主要内容 NFPA 855-2023包括了多个章节，分别涵盖了不同方面的技术要求和安全指导： - **第1章：范围与定义**。明确了标准的适用范围，并对关键术语进行了定义。 - **第2章：一般要求**。提出了对储能系统设计和安装的基本要求。 - **第3章：火灾探测与灭火系统**。详细规定了如何安装和配置火灾探测器以及自动灭火系统。 - **第4章：通风与排烟系统**。提供了关于通风和排烟系统的具体要求，以控制潜在的火灾风险。 - **第5章：电气要求**。涉及电力供应、电缆布线等方面的技术要求。 - **第6章：物理保护与隔离**。介绍了如何通过物理隔离措施来提高储能系统的安全性。 - **第7章：操作与维护**。阐述了在日常运行和维护过程中应遵循的最佳实践。 #### 参考标准UL9540 在制定NFPA 855-2023的过程中，还参考了另一项重要的标准——UL9540。UL9540是美国保险商实验室（Underwriters Laboratories Inc.）发布的一项关于电池储能系统安全的标准，它主要关注电池储能系统的整体安全性能。UL9540为电池储能系统提供了详细的测试方法和评估程序，以确保其在各种环境下的安全性和可靠性。 #### 重要通知与免责声明 NFPA在其发布的所有标准中均附有明确的声明，强调NFPA标准是在一个共识基础上制定的，其中包括来自不同背景的志愿者共同参与的过程。NFPA不独立测试或验证任何信息的准确性，也不对因依赖这些标准而产生的任何损失负责。此外，NFPA明确表示不对任何产品进行认证或检测，因此用户在使用这些标准时应基于自己的独立判断或寻求专业意见。 #### 结论 NFPA 855-2023作为一项权威的行业标准，对于促进固定式储能系统的安全安装和运行具有重要意义。通过对该标准的学习和应用，可以有效提升储能系统的安全性，减少潜在的风险，并为相关领域的从业者提供指导和支持。同时，结合UL9540等其他相关标准，能够进一步完善整个行业的安全管理体系，推动储能技术的健康发展。
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NFPA
槐
855
Standard
for
the
Iastallation
of
Stationary
Energy
Storage
Systems
2023
Edition
This
edition
of
NFPA
855
?
Sta
^
idani
far
the
I
?
istathtion
of
Stationa
7
y
Etiergy
Storage
Systems
,
wss
prepared
by
the
Technical
Committee
on
Energy
Storage
Systems
and
acted
on
by
the
NFPA
membership
during
the
2022
NFPA
Technical
Meeting
held
Jmie
8
-
9
,
It
was
issued
by
the
Standards
Council
on
August
12
,
2022
*
with
an
effective
date
of
September
1
?
2022
^
and
supersedes
the
previous
edition
,
This
edition
of
NFPA
855
was
approved
as
an
Ajnerican
National
Standard
on
September
1
,
2022
.
Origin
and
Development
of
NFPA
855
The
en
：
erg
)
?
storage
system
project
that
:
led
to
the
first
edition
of
NFPA
855
^
.
Standard
for
Ihf
Inmlailalion
of
Stationary
En
^
gy
StoragjB
System
^
was
approved
by
tlie
NFPA
Standards
Council
in
April
of
2016
,
after
which
a
call
for
members
was
posted
.
The
original
request
was
submitted
by
an
individual
on
behalf
of
the
California
Energy
Storage
Alliance
to
addreK
gaps
in
regulation
identified
in
workshops
held
by
the
US
Department
of
Energy
and
the
Fire
Protection
Research
Foundation
,
In
August
of
that
same
year
,
the
Standards
Coimcil
appointed
the
first
NFPA
Techn
ical
Committee
on
Energy
Storage
Systems
,
The
iniitial
di
af
?
was
developed
over
the
course
of
three
meetings
by
the
technical
committee
and
was
released
to
the
public
in
2017
-
Over
the
next
2
yearss
the
technical
cominittee
met
several
times
to
review
feedback
from
the
public
and
!
o
make
improvements
to
the
standard
.
The
first
edition
was
issued
by
the
Standards
Council
on
August
5
,
2019
,
The
2023
edition
includes
a
scope
which
covers
all
energy
storage
systems
and
lithium
battery
storage
.
Application
of
NFPA
855
to
an
ESS
installation
is
IcfL
to
the
mandatory
or
voluntaiy
adoption
of
the
standard
,
Exemptions
specific
to
installations
under
the
exclusive
conti
^
ol
of
utilities
have
been
incorporated
tliroughoiit
the
slamdard
to
address
concerns
if
NFPA
855
is
adopted
for
litility
use
.
In
response
to
inlcmalional
incidents
of
ESS
fires
，
requirements
for
fire
detection
and
suppression
,
explosion
control
,
exhaust
vcniilation
,
gas
detection
,
and
thermal
runaway
Isavc
been
added
or
revised
.
The
requirements
for
fire
and
explosion
testing
(
formally
large
-
scale
fire
testing
)
have
been
clarified
.
Requirements
from
Chapters
4
and
10
specific
to
electrochemical
ESS
have
been
consolidated
and
reorganized
in
Chapter
9
.
Chapter
13
has
been
added
to
address
flyivhcc
!
ESS
.
Information
has
been
added
in
Annex
B
to
provide
guidance
on
the
hazards
associated
with
additional
battery
types
，
Annex
G
has
been
added
as
a
guide
for
suppression
atid
safety
of
li
thium
-
ion
battery
ESS
.
NFPA
and
National
Fire
PiTUcclion
Association
arc
i
cgislcrcd
li
adcniarks
of
the
National
Fire
Prolcciion
Associalion
,
.
Qusncy
,
MassactuiMHls
02169
-
SSS
-
2
INSTALLATION
OF
SlATlONAKV
ENERGY
STORAGE
SVSTEMS
Technical
Committee
on
Energy
Storage
Systems
James
B
,
Biggins
,
Ckmr
TUV
SUD
America
Inc
/
Clohal
Rbk
Gnmiiltams
Carporation
^
IL
[
SE
]
Roiem
Antmvi
,
Code
Fire
&
Safety
Engineering
,
,
Israel
[
SE
]
Curds
AsfaiDiis
American
Power
Systems
/
East
Penn
Manu
facturi
ng
Deka
SenicesK
CO
[
M
]
Gerard
G
*
Back
,
JENSEN
HUGHES
,
MD
[
SE
]
Paul
Ko
^
ak
,
Consultant
^
Canada
[
SE
]
Aiagela
Knrmar
,
Fireiracc
Intcmational
,
AZ
[
M
]
Celina
Mikolsgczak
,
PanaMinic
Energy
of
North
America
(
P
£
NA
)
T
m
[
Mj
Brandon
Bartliiig
,
3
M
Company
MN
[
MJ
Denise
Beach
,
FM
Global
,
MA
[
I
]
Zekari
^
s
Bekele
,
CSA
Croup
,
QH
[
RT
]
Hubert
Eitemi
,
S
-
E
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A
,
Ltd
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CO
[
SEJ
Andrew
Blmn
，
Fisher
Engineering
,
Inc
.
p
GA
[
SE
]
William
R
Cantor
,
TPI
Corporation
,
PA
[
U
|
Rep
.
IEEE
-
IAS
/
PES
jrCC
Troy
Chatwio
?
Wabtech
/
GE
Energy
Storage
,
NSP
[
M
J
Stephen
W
.
Douglas
，
QPS
E
^
luation
Services
Inc
.
T
Canada
[
RT
]
Lami
«
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.
FIor
«
kice
3
ULLLCJL
[
RT
]
Kevin
Fokf
LG
Energy
Solution
Michigan
,
Inc
”
MI
[
M
]
Karai
Gwcrjmski
,
Elizabeth
Fire
Pmtc
-
ciion
Districtj
CO
[
E
]
Rep
.
International
Assc
>
ciation
of
Fire
Chiefs
Jan
Gromadzld
，
Tesla
,
CA
[
M
]
Nicholas
Guzman
,
Enel
Grrcn
Power
North
America
*
Inc
.
(
EGPNA
)
v
NV
[
U
]
Paul
Hayes
,
AmcriGaii
Fire
Technologies
^
NC
f
[
M
]
Darryl
HiU
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Wichita
Electrical
fATC
/
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[
Ll
Rep
.
IntcrnadonaJ
Brotherhood
of
Electrical
Workers
John
A
,
HLilaert
，
MPR
Associates
In
，
VA
[
SE
]
James
Houston
,
Southern
Company
Services
,
AL
[
Uj
Jonathan
G
-
Ingram
^
Carrier
/
Kidde
-
Fenwalp
Inc
”
MA
[
M
]
Brad
KeU
,
Uniener
^
Technologies
,
WA
[
MJ
Oiadl
Kjeimedy
，
Schneider
Electric
,
SC
[
M
]
Rep
,
National
Electrical
Manufacturers
Asanciation
Jason
Knedlhans
,
Able
Grid
Energy
Solutions
,
CO
[
IM
]
Mark
Christapber
MirekP
Beecher
Carlson
LLC
，
TX
[
1
]
Antihonv
Nalale
,
Consolidated
Edison
of
New
Yorks
NY
[
U
]
EJectric
Institute
ithony
Nalale
^
Rep
.
Edison
Cliff
Orvedal
^
Fluence
Energy
,
VA
[
M
\
Mmttfaew
Paiss
,
Pacific
Northwest
Nalioiml
Laboratory
(
PNNL
)
S
WA
[
SE
]
Justin
A
.
Perry
，
Dominion
Energy
,
VA
[
Uj
Scot
Pniett
,
Black
&
Vealch
Corporation
，
KS
[
SE
]
FailJ
Gi
Rogers
,
International
]
Association
of
Fire
Fighters
(
L
4
FF
)
3
NV
[
L
]
Rep
,
International
Association
of
Fire
Fighters
Richard
Karl
SchJwck
，
Fire
Department
City
of
New
York
(
FDNY
)
，
NY
[
E
]
Brian
ScboU
,
Phoenix
Fire
Deparunent
,
AZ
|
E
]
Randy
H
,
Schubert
,
,
Ericsson
^
Nf
[
U
]
Rep
.
Alliance
for
Telecomm
u
nications
Industry
Solutions
Andrzej
Skoskiewicz
,
Stem
,
incrf
CA
[
M
]
Nicholas
Aarun
Stone
，
Eaton
Corpo
ration
3
CA
[
M
]
(
L
KenSuiis
Hartford
Steam
Boiler
(
HSE
)
Munich
Re
-
Risk
Engineerings
CT
[
I
]
Chris
TowsW
,
Cambridge
Fire
DepartmenlP
MA
[
E
]
Rep
.
Fire
Prevention
AsMxzi
^
ition
of
Massachusetts
?
Inc
.
(
FPA
.
M
)
Nick
W
^
raer
；
,
Warner
Energy
Storage
Solutions
，
Oil
[
SEJ
Ronald
W
.
WoixlRn
,
Tetra
J
ek
^
Inc
,
/
AES
Corporatmnp
CX
>
[
UJ
Daolel
Youngs
,
Saft
America
Batteries
，
CT
(
M
]
Tom
Zornes
,
SLem
^
n
^
IN
[
M
]
Rep
-
Fire
Suppression
Systems
Asaociation
Alternates
John
Armstrong
，
Dominion
Energy
，
VA
[
U
]
(
Ait
,
to
JiLstin
A
,
Perry
)
Gaiy
Balashf
East
Penn
ManuFaciuring
Company
^
PA
[
M
J
(
Alt
.
to
Curtis
Ashton
)
Jim
P
.
Barrett
，
Enel
X
North
America
/
Demand
Energy
Networks
,
WA
[
U
]
^
(
AIL
to
Nicholas
Guzman
)
Hiomas
Eensen
^
Ben
^
en
Fire
&
Safety
Consulting
,
Ltd
”
OH
[
SE
]
(
AIL
to
Nick
Warner
)
Jens
Com
«
nf
JENSEN
HUGHES
,
IL
[
SE
]
(
AJt
to
Gerard
C
,
Back
)
Raberl
J
-
Davidson
,
Davidson
Code
Concepts
.
LLQ
SC
[
M
]
(
Alt
.
to
Celina
Mikolajc
^
ak
)
Eric
Dein
,
Blacky
Veatch
3
KS
[
SE
]
(
AJt
to
Scot
Pruett
)
Benjamin
Ditch
,
FM
Globa
]
,
MA
[
13
(
Alt
.
to
Denise
Beach
)
Dennis
W
«
Eaves
,
Bkrcchcr
Carlson
*
GA
(
I
]
(
Alt
.
to
Mark
Christopher
Mirek
)
Byron
£
.
Ettis
,
Entergy
Corporation
^
LA
[
UJ
(
AIL
to
Anthony
Natale
)
Becca
GiUespje
^
Unienergy
Technology
，
WA
[
M
]
(
Alt
.
to
Brad
Kell
)
Lou
Grahor
,
Ealon
Corporation
,
PA
[
M
]
[
AIL
to
Nichala
?
Aaron
Stone
)
Ho
碰
d
Hopper
,
UL
LLC
3
CA
[
RT
]
(
Alt
,
to
Laurie
B
.
Florence
)
Nick
SM
Company
,
MN
[
MJ
(
AJL
to
Brandon
Eartling
)
Richard
G
.
Kluge
,
Ericsson
,
NJ
[
U
]
(
Alt
,
to
Randy
H
,
Schubert
)
Scolt
IL
I
^
ang
，
Honeywell
International
,
IL
[
M
]
(
Alt
.
to
Chad
Kennedy
)
Jody
Leber
，
CSA
Group
，
GA
[
RT
]
(
Alt
.
to
Zckarias
Bckrlc
)
Jose
A
,
Marreroj
Southern
Company
,
AL
[
U
]
(
Alt
.
u
>
James
Houston
)
Dan
Palry
,
Flucncc
Encrrg
}
^
CO
f
M
]
(
Alt
Cliff
Orvedal
)
Nicholas
Pelnkis
，
Fire
Department
City
of
New
York
(
FDNV
^
NV
[
E
]
(
Ait
,
to
Richard
Karl
Schlucck
)
Charles
Picardy
Tesla
,
CA
[
M
]
(
Alt
.
to
Jan
Gromadzki
)
Shaun
Thomas
Ryam
,
Fisher
Engineering
,
AZ
[
SE
]
(
All
.
to
Andrew
Blum
)
?
023
Edition

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