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mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete 10 December 2015

MQTT Version 3.1.1 Plus Errata 01

OASIS Standard Incorporating Approved Errata 01

10 December 2015

Specification URIs

This version:

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/errata01/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete.doc

(Authoritative)

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/errata01/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete.html

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/errata01/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete.pdf

Previous version:

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.doc (Authoritative)

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.html

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.pdf

Latest version:

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.doc (Authoritative)

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.html

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.pdf

Technical Committee:

OASIS Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) TC

Chairs:

Raphael J Cohn (raphael.cohn@stormmq.com), Individual

Richard J Coppen (coppen@uk.ibm.com), IBM

Editors:

Andrew Banks (Andrew_Banks@uk.ibm.com), IBM

Rahul Gupta (rahul.gupta@us.ibm.com), IBM

Additional artifacts:

This prose specification is one component of a Work Product that also includes:

 MQTT Version 3.1.1 Errata 01. Edited by Andrew Banks and Rahul Gupta. 10 December

2015. OASIS Approved Errata. http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/errata01/os/mqtt-

v3.1.1-errata01-os.html.

Related work:

This specification replaces or supersedes:

 MQTT Version 3.1.1. Edited by Andrew Banks and Rahul Gupta. 29 October 2014. OASIS

Standard. http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.html.

This specification is related to:

 MQTT and the NIST Cybersecurity Framework Version 1.0. Edited by Geoff Brown and

Louis-Philippe Lamoureux. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt-nist-

cybersecurity/v1.0/mqtt-nist-cybersecurity-v1.0.html.

Abstract:

MQTT is a Client Server publish/subscribe messaging transport protocol. It is light weight, open,

simple, and designed so as to be easy to implement. These characteristics make it ideal for use

in many situations, including constrained environments such as for communication in Machine to

mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete 10 December 2015

Machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) contexts where a small code footprint is required

and/or network bandwidth is at a premium.

The protocol runs over TCP/IP, or over other network protocols that provide ordered, lossless, bi-

directional connections. Its features include:

 Use of the publish/subscribe message pattern which provides one-to-many message

distribution and decoupling of applications.

 A messaging transport that is agnostic to the content of the payload.

 Three qualities of service for message delivery:

 "At most once", where messages are delivered according to the best efforts of the

operating environment. Message loss can occur. This level could be used, for

example, with ambient sensor data where it does not matter if an individual reading is

lost as the next one will be published soon after.

 "At least once", where messages are assured to arrive but duplicates can occur.

 "Exactly once", where message are assured to arrive exactly once. This level could

be used, for example, with billing systems where duplicate or lost messages could

lead to incorrect charges being applied.

 A small transport overhead and protocol exchanges minimized to reduce network traffic.

 A mechanism to notify interested parties when an abnormal disconnection occurs.

Status:

This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS Message Queuing Telemetry

Transport (MQTT) TC on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the

“Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other

numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are

listed at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=mqtt#technical.

TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should

send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the

instructions at the “Send A Comment” button on the TC’s web page at https://www.oasis-

open.org/committees/mqtt/.

For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to

implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the

Intellectual Property Rights section of the Technical Committee web page (https://www.oasis-

open.org/committees/mqtt/ipr.php).

Citation format:

When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:

[mqtt-v3.1.1-plus-errata01]

MQTT Version 3.1.1 Plus Errata 01. Edited by Andrew Banks and Rahul Gupta. 10 December

2015. OASIS Standard Incorporating Approved Errata 01. http://docs.oasis-

open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/errata01/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete.html. Latest version:

http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.html.

mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete 10 December 2015

Notices

All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual

Property Rights Policy (the "OASIS IPR Policy"). The full Policy may be found at the OASIS website.

This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that

comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published,

and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice

and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may

not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as

needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical

Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must

be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.

The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors

or assigns.

This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and OASIS

DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY

WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY

OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A

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to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to

such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that

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holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR

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or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee

Specification or OASIS Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no

representation that any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or

that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.

The name "OASIS" is a trademark of OASIS, the owner and developer of this specification, and should be

used only to refer to the organization and its official outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and

implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving the right to enforce its marks against

misleading uses. Please see https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark for above

guidance.

mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete 10 December 2015

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 9

1.1 Organization of MQTT ........................................................................................................................ 9

1.2 Terminology ........................................................................................................................................ 9

1.3 Normative references ....................................................................................................................... 10

1.4 Non normative references ................................................................................................................ 11

1.5 Data representations ........................................................................................................................ 13

1.5.1 Bits ............................................................................................................................................. 13

1.5.2 Integer data values .................................................................................................................... 13

1.5.3 UTF-8 encoded strings .............................................................................................................. 13

1.6 Editing conventions ........................................................................................................................... 15

2 MQTT Control Packet format ............................................................................................................. 16

2.1 Structure of an MQTT Control Packet .............................................................................................. 16

2.2 Fixed header ..................................................................................................................................... 16

2.2.1 MQTT Control Packet type ........................................................................................................ 16

2.2.2 Flags .......................................................................................................................................... 17

2.2.3 Remaining Length ..................................................................................................................... 18

2.3 Variable header ................................................................................................................................ 20

2.3.1 Packet Identifier ......................................................................................................................... 20

2.4 Payload ............................................................................................................................................. 21

3 MQTT Control Packets ....................................................................................................................... 23

3.1 CONNECT – Client requests a connection to a Server .................................................................... 23

3.1.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 23

3.1.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 23

3.1.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 29

3.1.4 Response .................................................................................................................................. 30

3.2 CONNACK – Acknowledge connection request ............................................................................... 31

3.2.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 31

3.2.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 31

3.2.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 33

3.3 PUBLISH – Publish message ........................................................................................................... 33

3.3.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 33

3.3.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 35

3.3.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 36

3.3.4 Response .................................................................................................................................. 36

3.3.5 Actions ....................................................................................................................................... 36

3.4 PUBACK – Publish acknowledgement ............................................................................................. 37

3.4.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 37

3.4.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 37

3.4.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 37

3.4.4 Actions ....................................................................................................................................... 37

3.5 PUBREC – Publish received (QoS 2 publish received, part 1) ........................................................ 38

3.5.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 38

3.5.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 38

mqtt-v3.1.1-errata01-os-complete 10 December 2015

3.5.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 38

3.5.4 Actions ....................................................................................................................................... 38

3.6 PUBREL – Publish release (QoS 2 publish received, part 2)........................................................... 38

3.6.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 38

3.6.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 39

3.6.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 39

3.6.4 Actions ....................................................................................................................................... 39

3.7 PUBCOMP – Publish complete (QoS 2 publish received, part 3) .................................................... 39

3.7.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 39

3.7.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 40

3.7.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 40

3.7.4 Actions ....................................................................................................................................... 40

3.8 SUBSCRIBE - Subscribe to topics ................................................................................................... 40

3.8.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 40

3.8.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 40

3.8.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 41

3.8.4 Response .................................................................................................................................. 42

3.9 SUBACK – Subscribe acknowledgement ......................................................................................... 43

3.9.1 Fixed header.............................................................................................................................. 44

3.9.2 Variable header ......................................................................................................................... 44

3.9.3 Payload ...................................................................................................................................... 44

3.10 UNSUBSCRIBE – Unsubscribe from topics ................................................................................... 45

3.10.1 Fixed header............................................................................................................................ 45

3.10.2 Variable header ....................................................................................................................... 45

3.10.3 Payload .................................................................................................................................... 46

3.10.4 Response ................................................................................................................................ 46

3.11 UNSUBACK – Unsubscribe acknowledgement.............................................................................. 47

3.11.1 Fixed header............................................................................................................................ 47

3.11.2 Variable header ....................................................................................................................... 47

3.11.3 Payload .................................................................................................................................... 48

3.12 PINGREQ – PING request ............................................................................................................. 48

3.12.1 Fixed header............................................................................................................................ 48

3.12.2 Variable header ....................................................................................................................... 48

3.12.3 Payload .................................................................................................................................... 48

3.12.4 Response ................................................................................................................................ 48

3.13 PINGRESP – PING response ........................................................................................................ 48

3.13.1 Fixed header............................................................................................................................ 48

3.13.2 Variable header ....................................................................................................................... 49

3.13.3 Payload .................................................................................................................................... 49

3.14 DISCONNECT – Disconnect notification ........................................................................................ 49

3.14.1 Fixed header............................................................................................................................ 49

3.14.2 Variable header ....................................................................................................................... 49

3.14.3 Payload .................................................................................................................................... 49

3.14.4 Response ................................................................................................................................ 49

4 Operational behavior .......................................................................................................................... 51