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2.4. Installing MySQL on Mac OS X MySQL for Mac OS X is available in a number of different forms: * Native Package Installer format, which uses the native Mac OS X installer to walk you through the installation of MySQL. For more information, see Section 2.4.2, "Installing MySQL on Mac OS X Using Native Packages." You can use the package installer with Mac OS X 10.3 and later, and the package is available for both PowerPC and Intel architectures, and 32-bit and 64-bit architectures. There is no Universal Binary available using the package installation method. The user you use to perform the installation must have administrator privileges. * Tar package format, which uses a file packaged using the Unix tar and gzip commands. To use this method, you will need to open a Terminal window. You do not need administrator privileges using this method, as you can install the MySQL server anywhere using this method. For more information on using this method, you can use the generic instructions for using a tarball, Section 2.2, "Installing MySQL from Generic Binaries on Unix/Linux."You can use the package installer with Mac OS X 10.3 and later, and available for both PowerPC and Intel architectures, and both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures. A Universal Binary, incorporating both Power PC and Intel architectures and 32-bit and 64-bit binaries is available. In addition to the core installation, the Package Installer also includes Section 2.4.3, "Installing the MySQL Startup Item" and Section 2.4.4, "Installing and Using the MySQL Preference Pane," both of which simplify the management of your installation. * Mac OS X server includes a version of MySQL as standard. If you want to use a more recent version than that supplied with the Mac OS X server release, you can make use of the package or tar formats. For more information on using the MySQL bundled with Mac OS X, see Section 2.4.5, "Using the Bundled MySQL on Mac OS X Server." For additional information on using MySQL on Mac OS X, see Section 2.4.1, "General Notes on Installing MySQL on Mac OS X." 2.4.1. General Notes on Installing MySQL on Mac OS X You should keep the following issues and notes in mind: * The default location for the MySQL Unix socket is different on Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server depending on the installation type you chose. The following table shows the default locations by installation type. Table 2.4. MySQL Unix Socket Locations on Mac OS X by Installation Type Installation Type Socket Location Package Installer from MySQL /tmp/mysql.sock Tarball from MySQL /tmp/mysql.sock MySQL Bundled with Mac OS X Server /var/mysql/mysql.sock To prevent issues, you should either change the configuration of the socket used within your application (for example, changing php.ini), or you should configure the socket location using a MySQL configuration file and the socket option. For more information, see Section 5.1.3, "Server Command Options." * You may need (or want) to create a specific mysql user to own the MySQL directory and data. On Mac OS X 10.4 and lower you can do this by using the Netinfo Manager application, located within the Utilities folder within the Applications folder. On Mac OS X 10.5 and later you can do this through the Directory Utility. From Mac OS X 10.5 and later (including Mac OS X Server 10.5) the mysql should already exist. For use in single user mode, an entry for _mysql (note the underscore prefix) should already exist within the system /etc/passwd file. * Due to a bug in the Mac OS X package installer, you may see this error message in the destination disk selection dialog: You cannot install this software on this disk. (null) If this error occurs, click the Go Back button once to return to the previous screen. Then click Continue to advance to the destination disk selection again, and you should be able to choose the destination disk correctly. We have reported this bug to Apple and it is investigating this problem. * Because the MySQL package installer installs the MySQL contents into a version and platform specific directory, you can use this to upgrade and migrate your database between versions. You will need to either copy the data directory from the old version to the new version, or alternatively specify an alternative datadir value to set location of the data directory. * You might want to add aliases to your shell's resource file to make it easier to access commonly used programs such as mysql and mysqladmin from the command line. The syntax for bash is: alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql alias mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin For tcsh, use: alias mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql alias mysqladmin /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin Even better, add /usr/local/mysql/bin to your PATH environment variable. You can do this by modifying the appropriate startup file for your shell. For more information, see Section 4.2.1, "Invoking MySQL Programs." * After you have copied over the MySQL database files from the previous installation and have successfully started the new server, you should consider removing the old installation files to save disk space. Additionally, you should also remove older versions of the Package Receipt directories located in /Library/Receipts/mysql-VERSION.pkg. 2.4.2. Installing MySQL on Mac OS X Using Native Packages You can install MySQL on Mac OS X 10.3.x ("Panther") or newer using a Mac OS X binary package in PKG format instead of the binary tarball distribution. Please note that older versions of Mac OS X (for example, 10.1.x or 10.2.x) are not supported by this package. The package is located inside a disk image (.dmg) file that you first need to mount by double-clicking its icon in the Finder. It should then mount the image and display its contents. Note Before proceeding with the installation, be sure to stop all running MySQL server instances by using either the MySQL Manager Application (on Mac OS X Server) or mysqladmin shutdown on the command line. When installing from the package version, you should also install the MySQL Preference Pane, which will enable you to control the startup and execution of your MySQL server from System Preferences. For more information, see Section 2.4.4, "Installing and Using the MySQL Preference Pane." When installing using the package installer, the files are installed into a directory within /usr/local matching the name of the installation version and platform. For example, the installer file mysql-5.1.39-osx10.5-x86_64.pkg installs MySQL into /usr/local/mysql-5.1.39-osx10.5-x86_64 . The following table shows the layout of the installation directory. Table 2.5. MySQL Installation Layout on Mac OS X Directory Contents of Directory bin Client programs and the mysqld server data Log files, databases docs Manual in Info format include Include (header) files lib Libraries man Unix manual pages mysql-test MySQL test suite scripts mysql_install_db share Miscellaneous support files, including error messages, sample configuration files, SQL for database installation sql-bench Benchmarks support-files Scripts and sample configuration files /tmp/mysql.sock Location of the MySQL Unix socket During the package installer process, a symbolic link from /usr/l