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82794
Problem Chosen
D
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2018 Mathematical Contest in Modeling (MCM/ICM) Summary Sheet
How to achieve the full adoption of all-electric vehicles
Summary
We construct two models to facilitate the construction of the Tesla network from a macro
perspective, a double-layer complex network to measure the network topology and a SI epi-
demic model based on the evaluation index system(SI-EI)to identify the key factors in the
building process.
The double-layer complex network can be used to determine the number, location and
distribution of chargeing stations. People are divided into long-distance and short-distance
travelers. The number of charging stations are determined mainly by Vehicle Density, Daily
Mileage and Range Anxiety: (1) the outer layer is to study the demands of long-distance trav-
elers for supercharge stations
,
with introduced Weighted Betweenness to measure whether a
city is a traffic hub, which is the reference to arrange the location; (2) the inner layer is to study
the demands of the remaining three cases, and arrange location according to Vehicle Densi-
ty. The distribution is based on the number of the above four cases. We introduce Reachable
Level, Permeability and Long-distance travel demand rate into SI-EI model to measure daily
infection rate λ, and apply the traditional SI model to determine the key factors.
For problem 1, there are 8.08 million destination charging stations and 2.16 million super-
charge stations in the final network architecture. It takes 108 years to reach fully automobile
electrification for constructed networks while it takes 36 years to construct networks.
For problem 2, we choose Ireland. There are 78 thousand destination charging stations
and 20.8 thousand supercharge stations in the final network architecture. The optimal invest-
ment plan is to establish a 2: 1 ratio between the scale of the site and the present required
scale, and to establish charging stations by mixing the ratio of the city to the rural area to 3:
2. The conclusion is mainly building destination charging stations when Permeability is less
than 30%, and building supercharge stations in cities when Permeability is less than 50%but
more than 30%, otherwise building supercharge stations in roads.
For problem 3, we build a classification system to have a weak traffic network.
For problem 4, technology that would hinder EVs’spread include: car-share, ride-share
services and hyperloop. While technology that would boost EVs’spread include: self-driving
cars, rapid battery-swap stations for electric cars, and flying cars
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