安装oracle前的准备:
1、设置核心参数
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF(先执行此行命令)
# Kernel paramaters required by Oracle 11gR1
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
EOF
运行下列命令改变核心参数:
/sbin/sysctl -p
2、加入行
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF(先执行此行命令)
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
EOF
3、加入行
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF(先执行此行命令)
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
EOF
4、加入行
cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF(先执行此行命令)
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
EOF
5、安装补丁包
x64检测已安装补丁包的版本:
rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc \
gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel \
libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
x32检测已安装补丁包的版本:
rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel \
elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel \
glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
x64需要以下32位包:
compat-libstdc++-33 (32 bit)
glibc (32 bit)
glibc-devel (32 bit)
libaio (32 bit)
libaio-devel (32 bit)
libgcc (32 bit)
libstdc++ (32 bit)
unixODBC (32 bit)
unixODBC-devel (32 bit)
看看软件包都安装了没,缺什么就安什么包;
6、创建下列组和用户(注意一下语句必须逐条运行)
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
7、创建安装oracle的目录
mkdir -p /data/oracle
chown -R oracle.oinstall /data
chmod 775 /data
8、用root登录,执行下列指令:
#xhost + <machine-name>
(<machine-name>修改为本机的机器名,在系统设置—网络—DNS中查看机器名)+后面有空格
9、更改环境变量
用oracle登录 把下列行加在.bash_profile文件(在桌面oracle主目录下 ctrl+h显示隐藏文件)末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名并保存
cat >> ~/.bash_profile <<EOF(先执行此行命令)
umask 022
#Oracle Settings
umask 022
TMP=/tmp export TMP
TMDIR=/tmp export TMDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/data export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=vmdb export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/dbadmin/bin:/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=/JRE:/jlib:/rdbms/jlib export CLASSPATH
LANG=C export LANG
EOF
设置实例名
输入:source .bash_profile使环境变量生效或者重新登陆(注销后用oracle 用户登陆)查看是否生效:set | more