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基于MATLAB软件的P_Q分解法潮流计算.pdf
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基于MATLAB软件的P_Q分解法潮流计算.pdf
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基于 MATLAB 软件的 P-Q 分解法潮流计算
摘要
电力系统潮流计算是研究电力系统稳态运行情况的一种重要的分析计
算,它根据给定的运行条件及系统接线情况确定整个电力系统各部分的运
行状态:各母线的电压,各元件中流过的功率,系统的功率损耗。在电力
系统规划的设计和现有电力系统运行方式的研究中,都需要利用潮流计算
来定量地分析比较供电方案或运行方式的合理性,可靠性和经济性。所
以,电力系统潮流计算是进行电力系统故障计算,继电保护整定,安全分
析的必要工具。随着电力系统网络的急剧扩大和不断复杂,运用手算进行
潮流计算已经不现实。但是,伴随着计算机技术的飞速发展,基于计算机
的潮流计算也就应运而生了。这样,通过潮流计算,实现对系统的分析成
为可能。
本文结合潮流计算的三个基本要求,紧跟该领域的发展,介绍了基于
MATLAB 软件 P-Q 分解法潮流计算的程序,该程序用于粗略的计算中小
型电力网络的潮流,实现对其的分析。本文所设计的程序,在计算中,所
用的算法通俗易懂并对以往的主流算法做了一些改进,提高了计算速度。
同时, 该程 序采 用 了 GUI 人 机对 话, 将 Excel 表 格、 TXT 文 档与
MATLAB 程序紧密联系起来,使输入输出界面更加人性化。
关键词:电力系统潮流计算;P-Q 分解法;MATLAB 软件
Power flow calculation of P-Q mode based
on MATLAB software
Abstract
Power flow calculation is one of the important calculations which are to
study the operation of power system steady state analysis. It is based on the
given operating conditions and system wiring to identify the various parts of the
power system operating state: the buses voltage, the stream components power,
system power loss. both power system planning design and operation of existing
power system mode of study are need to use the power flow calculation to
quantitatively compare the program or run mode power supply reasonable,
reliability and economy. Therefore, the power flow calculation is an essential
tool for a calculation of power system faults, protection setting, security analysis.
with the rapid expansion of power system network and continuing to be more
complex, using hand calculation for flow calculation has been unrealistic.
But ,with the celerity development in computer technology, computer-based
power flow calculation has also emerged. In this way, It is possible to analysis
power system through the power flow calculation.
Based on the three basic requirements of power flow calculation and
followed by the development of the field, This paper introduces the PQ mode
power flow calculation procedure based on MATLAB software .It is used for a
rough calculation of the small and medium power network to achieve its
analysis. The algorithm used in the procedure mentioned in this paper is more
easy to understand and made some improvements to enhance the computing
speed rather than the past. At the same time, the program uses the GUI man-
machine dialogue. So Excel table, TXT documents is closely linked with the
MATLAB program to make the input and output interfaces more humanity.
Keywords:power flow calculation ; P-Q decomposition mode ; MATLAB
software
目录
摘要...................................................................................................................... I
Abstract............................................................................................................. II
第 1 章 绪论........................................................................................................6
1.1 课题背景...................................................................................................6
1.2 电力系统潮流计算...................................................................................6
1.2.1 电力系统潮流计算简介....................................................................6
1.2.2 电力系统潮流计算的基本要求........................................................7
1.3 潮流计算的意义及其发展.......................................................................8
1.4 本次毕业设计主要工作...........................................................................9
第 2 章 潮流计算的原理及具体算法过程...................................................... 11
2.1 电力网络的数学模型............................................................................. 11
2.1.1 电力网络的基本方程...................................................................... 11
2.1.2 导纳矩阵的形成..............................................................................12
2.1.3 电力网络中几种特殊的数学模型..................................................13
2.2 电力系统潮流计算.................................................................................16
2.2.1 电力系统潮流计算数学模型..........................................................16
2.2.2 电力系统节点分类..........................................................................16
2.2.3 潮流计算的约束条件......................................................................17
2.3 牛顿-拉夫逊法求解潮流计算...............................................................18
2.3.1 牛顿-拉夫逊法原理........................................................................18
2.3.2 P-Q 分解法潮流计算.......................................................................19
第 3 章 基于 MATLAB 软件 P-Q 法潮流计算...................................................24
3.1 P-Q 分解法程序框图..............................................................................24
3.2 计算步骤及实现各部分功能的程序.....................................................25
3.2.1 原始数据的输入..............................................................................25
3.2.2 导纳矩阵及
B
,
B
形成................................................................27
3.2.3 计算不平衡功率 ΔP
i
及修正相角 Δθ
i
.............................................29
3.2.4 计算不平衡功率 ΔQ
i
及修正相电压 ΔV
i
.......................................30
3.2.5 程序运行结果的输出......................................................................31
第 4 章 算例验证与分析..................................................................................32
4.1 算例说明及分析.....................................................................................32
4.1.1 算例说明..........................................................................................32
4.1.2 算例分析..........................................................................................32
4.2 根据算例输入相应节点线路参数.........................................................32
4.3 算例运行结果.........................................................................................33
结论....................................................................................................................36
致........................................................................................................................37
参考文献............................................................................................................38
附录A................................................................................................................40
附录B................................................................................................................50
附录C................................................................................................................67
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