nvm for linux版本

# Node Version Manager [][3] [][4] [](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/684) <!-- To update this table of contents, ensure you have run `npm install` then `npm run doctoc` --> <!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update --> <!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE --> ## Table of Contents - [Intro](#intro) - [About](#about) - [Installing and Updating](#installing-and-updating) - [Install & Update Script](#install--update-script) - [Additional Notes](#additional-notes) - [Troubleshooting on Linux](#troubleshooting-on-linux) - [Troubleshooting on macOS](#troubleshooting-on-macos) - [Ansible](#ansible) - [Verify Installation](#verify-installation) - [Important Notes](#important-notes) - [Git Install](#git-install) - [Manual Install](#manual-install) - [Manual Upgrade](#manual-upgrade) - [Usage](#usage) - [Long-term Support](#long-term-support) - [Migrating Global Packages While Installing](#migrating-global-packages-while-installing) - [Default Global Packages From File While Installing](#default-global-packages-from-file-while-installing) - [io.js](#iojs) - [System Version of Node](#system-version-of-node) - [Listing Versions](#listing-versions) - [Setting Custom Colors](#setting-custom-colors) - [Persisting custom colors](#persisting-custom-colors) - [Suppressing colorized output](#suppressing-colorized-output) - [Restoring PATH](#restoring-path) - [Set default node version](#set-default-node-version) - [Use a mirror of node binaries](#use-a-mirror-of-node-binaries) - [.nvmrc](#nvmrc) - [Deeper Shell Integration](#deeper-shell-integration) - [bash](#bash) - [Automatically call `nvm use`](#automatically-call-nvm-use) - [zsh](#zsh) - [Calling `nvm use` automatically in a directory with a `.nvmrc` file](#calling-nvm-use-automatically-in-a-directory-with-a-nvmrc-file) - [fish](#fish) - [Calling `nvm use` automatically in a directory with a `.nvmrc` file](#calling-nvm-use-automatically-in-a-directory-with-a-nvmrc-file-1) - [Running Tests](#running-tests) - [Environment variables](#environment-variables) - [Bash Completion](#bash-completion) - [Usage](#usage-1) - [Compatibility Issues](#compatibility-issues) - [Installing nvm on Alpine Linux](#installing-nvm-on-alpine-linux) - [Uninstalling / Removal](#uninstalling--removal) - [Manual Uninstall](#manual-uninstall) - [Docker For Development Environment](#docker-for-development-environment) - [Problems](#problems) - [macOS Troubleshooting](#macos-troubleshooting) - [Maintainers](#maintainers) - [License](#license) - [Copyright notice](#copyright-notice) <!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update --> ## Intro `nvm` allows you to quickly install and use different versions of node via the command line. **Example:** ```sh $ nvm use 16 Now using node v16.9.1 (npm v7.21.1) $ node -v v16.9.1 $ nvm use 14 Now using node v14.18.0 (npm v6.14.15) $ node -v v14.18.0 $ nvm install 12 Now using node v12.22.6 (npm v6.14.5) $ node -v v12.22.6 ``` Simple as that! ## About nvm is a version manager for [node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/), designed to be installed per-user, and invoked per-shell. `nvm` works on any POSIX-compliant shell (sh, dash, ksh, zsh, bash), in particular on these platforms: unix, macOS, and [windows WSL](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm#important-notes). <a id="installation-and-update"></a> <a id="install-script"></a> ## Installing and Updating ### Install & Update Script To **install** or **update** nvm, you should run the [install script][2]. To do that, you may either download and run the script manually, or use the following cURL or Wget command: ```sh curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.1/install.sh | bash ``` ```sh wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.1/install.sh | bash ``` Running either of the above commands downloads a script and runs it. The script clones the nvm repository to `~/.nvm`, and attempts to add the source lines from the snippet below to the correct profile file (`~/.bash_profile`, `~/.zshrc`, `~/.profile`, or `~/.bashrc`). <a id="profile_snippet"></a> ```sh export NVM_DIR="$([ -z "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME-}" ] && printf %s "${HOME}/.nvm" || printf %s "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/nvm")" [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm ``` #### Additional Notes - If the environment variable `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is present, it will place the `nvm` files there.</sub> - You can add `--no-use` to the end of the above script (...`nvm.sh --no-use`) to postpone using `nvm` until you manually [`use`](#usage) it. - You can customize the install source, directory, profile, and version using the `NVM_SOURCE`, `NVM_DIR`, `PROFILE`, and `NODE_VERSION` variables. Eg: `curl ... | NVM_DIR="path/to/nvm"`. Ensure that the `NVM_DIR` does not contain a trailing slash. - The installer can use `git`, `curl`, or `wget` to download `nvm`, whichever is available. #### Troubleshooting on Linux On Linux, after running the install script, if you get `nvm: command not found` or see no feedback from your terminal after you type `command -v nvm`, simply close your current terminal, open a new terminal, and try verifying again. Alternatively, you can run the following commands for the different shells on the command line: *bash*: `source ~/.bashrc` *zsh*: `source ~/.zshrc` *ksh*: `. ~/.profile` These should pick up the `nvm` command. #### Troubleshooting on macOS Since OS X 10.9, `/usr/bin/git` has been preset by Xcode command line tools, which means we can't properly detect if Git is installed or not. You need to manually install the Xcode command line tools before running the install script, otherwise, it'll fail. (see [#1782](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/1782)) If you get `nvm: command not found` after running the install script, one of the following might be the reason: - Since macOS 10.15, the default shell is `zsh` and nvm will look for `.zshrc` to update, none is installed by default. Create one with `touch ~/.zshrc` and run the install script again. - If you use bash, the previous default shell, your system may not have a `.bash_profile` file where the command is set up. Create one with `touch ~/.bash_profile` and run the install script again. Then, run `source ~/.bash_profile` to pick up the `nvm` command. - You have previously used `bash`, but you have `zsh` installed. You need to manually add [these lines](#manual-install) to `~/.zshrc` and run `. ~/.zshrc`. - You might need to restart your terminal instance or run `. ~/.nvm/nvm.sh`. Restarting your terminal/opening a new tab/window, or running the source command will load the command and the new configuration. - If the above didn't help, you might need to restart your terminal instance. Try opening a new tab/window in your terminal and retry. If the above doesn't fix the problem, you may try the following: - If you use bash, it may be that your `.bash_profile` (or `~/.profile`) does not source your `~/.bashrc` properly. You could fix this by adding `source ~/<your_profile_file>` to it or follow the next step below. - Try adding [the snippet from the install section](#profile_snippet), that finds the correct nvm directory and loads nvm, to your usual profile (`~/.bash_profile`, `~/.zshrc`, `~/.profile`, or `~/.bashrc`). - For more information about this issue and possible workarounds, please [refer here](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/issues/576) **Note** For Macs with the M1 chip, node started providing **arm64** arch darwin packages since v16.0.0. For earlier versions, there were only **darwin_x64** packages available but no **