<!--
General purpose build script for web applications and web services,
including enhanced support for deploying directly to a Tomcat 6
based server.
This build script assumes that the source code of your web application
is organized into the following subdirectories underneath the source
code directory from which you execute the build script:
docs Static documentation files to be copied to
the "docs" subdirectory of your distribution.
src Java source code (and associated resource files)
to be compiled to the "WEB-INF/classes"
subdirectory of your web applicaiton.
web Static HTML, JSP, and other content (such as
image files), including the WEB-INF subdirectory
and its configuration file contents.
$Id: build.xml.txt 525818 2007-04-05 13:16:43Z remm $
-->
<!-- A "project" describes a set of targets that may be requested
when Ant is executed. The "default" attribute defines the
target which is executed if no specific target is requested,
and the "basedir" attribute defines the current working directory
from which Ant executes the requested task. This is normally
set to the current working directory.
-->
<project name="My Project" default="compile" basedir=".">
<!-- ===================== Property Definitions =========================== -->
<!--
Each of the following properties are used in the build script.
Values for these properties are set by the first place they are
defined, from the following list:
* Definitions on the "ant" command line (ant -Dfoo=bar compile).
* Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the top level
source directory of this application.
* Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the developer's
home directory.
* Default definitions in this build.xml file.
You will note below that property values can be composed based on the
contents of previously defined properties. This is a powerful technique
that helps you minimize the number of changes required when your development
environment is modified. Note that property composition is allowed within
"build.properties" files as well as in the "build.xml" script.
-->
<property file="build.properties"/>
<property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>
<!-- ==================== File and Directory Names ======================== -->
<!--
These properties generally define file and directory names (or paths) that
affect where the build process stores its outputs.
app.name Base name of this application, used to
construct filenames and directories.
Defaults to "myapp".
app.path Context path to which this application should be
deployed (defaults to "/" plus the value of the
"app.name" property).
app.version Version number of this iteration of the application.
build.home The directory into which the "prepare" and
"compile" targets will generate their output.
Defaults to "build".
catalina.home The directory in which you have installed
a binary distribution of Tomcat 6. This will
be used by the "deploy" target.
dist.home The name of the base directory in which
distribution files are created.
Defaults to "dist".
manager.password The login password of a user that is assigned the
"manager" role (so that he or she can execute
commands via the "/manager" web application)
manager.url The URL of the "/manager" web application on the
Tomcat installation to which we will deploy web
applications and web services.
manager.username The login username of a user that is assigned the
"manager" role (so that he or she can execute
commands via the "/manager" web application)
-->
<property name="app.name" value="myapp"/>
<property name="app.path" value="/${app.name}"/>
<property name="app.version" value="0.1-dev"/>
<property name="build.home" value="${basedir}/build"/>
<property name="catalina.home" value="../../../.."/> <!-- UPDATE THIS! -->
<property name="dist.home" value="${basedir}/dist"/>
<property name="docs.home" value="${basedir}/docs"/>
<property name="manager.url" value="http://localhost:8080/manager"/>
<property name="src.home" value="${basedir}/src"/>
<property name="web.home" value="${basedir}/web"/>
<!-- ==================== External Dependencies =========================== -->
<!--
Use property values to define the locations of external JAR files on which
your application will depend. In general, these values will be used for
two purposes:
* Inclusion on the classpath that is passed to the Javac compiler
* Being copied into the "/WEB-INF/lib" directory during execution
of the "deploy" target.
Because we will automatically include all of the Java classes that Tomcat 6
exposes to web applications, we will not need to explicitly list any of those
dependencies. You only need to worry about external dependencies for JAR
files that you are going to include inside your "/WEB-INF/lib" directory.
-->
<!-- Dummy external dependency -->
<!--
<property name="foo.jar"
value="/path/to/foo.jar"/>
-->
<!-- ==================== Compilation Classpath =========================== -->
<!--
Rather than relying on the CLASSPATH environment variable, Ant includes
features that makes it easy to dynamically construct the classpath you
need for each compilation. The example below constructs the compile
classpath to include the servlet.jar file, as well as the other components
that Tomcat makes available to web applications automatically, plus anything
that you explicitly added.
-->
<path id="compile.classpath">
<!-- Include all JAR files that will be included in /WEB-INF/lib -->
<!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
<!--
<pathelement location="${foo.jar}"/>
-->
<!-- Include all elements that Tomcat exposes to applications -->
<fileset dir="${catalina.home}/bin">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
<pathelement location="${catalina.home}/lib"/>
<fileset dir="${catalina.home}/lib">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>
<!-- ================== Custom Ant Task Definitions ======================= -->
<!--
These properties define custom tasks for the Ant build tool that interact
with the "/manager" web application installed with Tomcat 6. Before they
can be successfully utilized, you must perform the following steps:
- Copy the file "lib/catalina-ant.jar" from your Tomcat 6
installation into the "lib" directory of your Ant installation.
- Create a "build.properties" file in your application's top-level
source directory (or your user login home directory) that defines
appropriate values for the "manager.password", "manager.url", and
"manager.username" properties described above.
For more information about the Manager web application, and the functionality
of these tasks, see <http://localhost:8080/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.html>.
-->
<taskdef resource="org/apache/catalina/ant/catalina.tasks"
classpathref="compile.classpath"/>
<!-- ==================== Com
Tomcat6.0.14.rar
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《深入理解Tomcat 6.0.14:开启服务,轻松学习》
Apache Tomcat是一款广泛应用的开源Java Servlet容器,它实现了Java EE中的Servlet和JavaServer Pages(JSP)规范,是许多开发者进行Web应用开发和部署的首选平台。在本教程中,我们将深入探讨Tomcat 6.0.14版本,帮助用户了解如何开启服务,并在学习过程中提供实用技巧。
让我们了解Tomcat的基本架构。Tomcat主要由以下几个核心组件构成:
1. **Catalina**:这是Tomcat的主要部分,负责处理Servlet和JSP请求。Catalina提供了基于容器的Web应用程序部署和管理。
2. **Jasper**:Jasper是Tomcat内嵌的JSP编译器,将JSP文件编译为Java类,然后由Servlet容器执行。
3. **Connector**:连接器负责接收和响应HTTP请求,与Catalina交互。
4. **GlobalNamingResources**:提供全局资源,如数据源、邮件会话等,可供Web应用程序共享。
5. **Web Applications**:在Tomcat中,每个Web应用都有自己的目录结构,遵循特定的部署规范。
现在,我们进入主题,如何开启Tomcat 6.0.14服务:
1. **下载与解压**:你需要从官方或可信的源下载Tomcat 6.0.14的zip或rar文件,然后将其解压缩到你选择的目录。
2. **配置环境变量**:设置`CATALINA_HOME`环境变量,指向Tomcat的安装目录。这将帮助命令行工具找到Tomcat的可执行文件。
3. **启动Tomcat**:在Tomcat的`bin`目录下,运行`startup.sh`(Unix/Linux)或`startup.bat`(Windows)。这将启动Tomcat服务器。
4. **验证运行**:在浏览器中输入`http://localhost:8080`,如果Tomcat已成功启动,你应该能看到Tomcat的欢迎页面。
在学习Tomcat时,以下是一些关键概念和操作:
1. **部署Web应用**:将你的Web应用打包成WAR文件,放在`webapps`目录下,Tomcat会自动检测并部署。或者,你也可以通过修改`conf/server.xml`中的Host配置手动部署。
2. **日志管理**:Tomcat的日志文件位于`logs`目录下,通过调整`logging.properties`文件可以定制日志输出。
3. **安全配置**:在`conf/server.xml`的`<Engine>`或`<Host>`标签下,可以配置Realm和Role,实现用户认证和授权。
4. **性能优化**:你可以调整`conf/server.xml`中的线程池配置,如最大线程数、空闲超时时间等,以适应不同负载需求。
5. **JNDI资源**:在`conf/server.xml`的`<GlobalNamingResources>`标签下,定义数据源、邮件会话等全局资源。
6. **连接器配置**:通过调整`<Connector>`标签属性,可以定制Tomcat的HTTP连接器,例如修改端口号、启用或禁用压缩等。
7. **错误页面处理**:在`WEB-INF/web.xml`中,可以配置自定义的错误页面,提供友好的错误信息。
通过以上步骤和知识点的学习,你将能够熟练地管理和使用Tomcat 6.0.14,为你的Java Web应用提供稳定且高效的运行环境。同时,随着对Tomcat的深入理解,你还可以进行更高级的配置和优化,提升Web服务器的性能和可扩展性。
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