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# Sinatra [](https://badge.fury.io/rb/sinatra) [](https://travis-ci.org/sinatra/sinatra) [](https://dependabot.com/compatibility-score.html?dependency-name=sinatra&package-manager=bundler&version-scheme=semver) Sinatra is a [DSL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language) for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort: ```ruby # myapp.rb require 'sinatra' get '/' do 'Hello world!' end ``` Install the gem: ```shell gem install sinatra ``` And run with: ```shell ruby myapp.rb ``` View at: [http://localhost:4567](http://localhost:4567) The code you changed will not take effect until you restart the server. Please restart the server every time you change or use [sinatra/reloader](http://www.sinatrarb.com/contrib/reloader). It is recommended to also run `gem install puma`, which Sinatra will pick up if available. ## Table of Contents * [Sinatra](#sinatra) * [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) * [Routes](#routes) * [Conditions](#conditions) * [Return Values](#return-values) * [Custom Route Matchers](#custom-route-matchers) * [Static Files](#static-files) * [Views / Templates](#views--templates) * [Literal Templates](#literal-templates) * [Available Template Languages](#available-template-languages) * [Haml Templates](#haml-templates) * [Erb Templates](#erb-templates) * [Builder Templates](#builder-templates) * [Nokogiri Templates](#nokogiri-templates) * [Sass Templates](#sass-templates) * [SCSS Templates](#scss-templates) * [Less Templates](#less-templates) * [Liquid Templates](#liquid-templates) * [Markdown Templates](#markdown-templates) * [Textile Templates](#textile-templates) * [RDoc Templates](#rdoc-templates) * [AsciiDoc Templates](#asciidoc-templates) * [Radius Templates](#radius-templates) * [Markaby Templates](#markaby-templates) * [RABL Templates](#rabl-templates) * [Slim Templates](#slim-templates) * [Creole Templates](#creole-templates) * [MediaWiki Templates](#mediawiki-templates) * [CoffeeScript Templates](#coffeescript-templates) * [Stylus Templates](#stylus-templates) * [Yajl Templates](#yajl-templates) * [WLang Templates](#wlang-templates) * [Accessing Variables in Templates](#accessing-variables-in-templates) * [Templates with `yield` and nested layouts](#templates-with-yield-and-nested-layouts) * [Inline Templates](#inline-templates) * [Named Templates](#named-templates) * [Associating File Extensions](#associating-file-extensions) * [Adding Your Own Template Engine](#adding-your-own-template-engine) * [Using Custom Logic for Template Lookup](#using-custom-logic-for-template-lookup) * [Filters](#filters) * [Helpers](#helpers) * [Using Sessions](#using-sessions) * [Session Secret Security](#session-secret-security) * [Session Config](#session-config) * [Choosing Your Own Session Middleware](#choosing-your-own-session-middleware) * [Halting](#halting) * [Passing](#passing) * [Triggering Another Route](#triggering-another-route) * [Setting Body, Status Code and Headers](#setting-body-status-code-and-headers) * [Streaming Responses](#streaming-responses) * [Logging](#logging) * [Mime Types](#mime-types) * [Generating URLs](#generating-urls) * [Browser Redirect](#browser-redirect) * [Cache Control](#cache-control) * [Sending Files](#sending-files) * [Accessing the Request Object](#accessing-the-request-object) * [Attachments](#attachments) * [Dealing with Date and Time](#dealing-with-date-and-time) * [Looking Up Template Files](#looking-up-template-files) * [Configuration](#configuration) * [Configuring attack protection](#configuring-attack-protection) * [Available Settings](#available-settings) * [Environments](#environments) * [Error Handling](#error-handling) * [Not Found](#not-found) * [Error](#error) * [Rack Middleware](#rack-middleware) * [Testing](#testing) * [Sinatra::Base - Middleware, Libraries, and Modular Apps](#sinatrabase---middleware-libraries-and-modular-apps) * [Modular vs. Classic Style](#modular-vs-classic-style) * [Serving a Modular Application](#serving-a-modular-application) * [Using a Classic Style Application with a config.ru](#using-a-classic-style-application-with-a-configru) * [When to use a config.ru?](#when-to-use-a-configru) * [Using Sinatra as Middleware](#using-sinatra-as-middleware) * [Dynamic Application Creation](#dynamic-application-creation) * [Scopes and Binding](#scopes-and-binding) * [Application/Class Scope](#applicationclass-scope) * [Request/Instance Scope](#requestinstance-scope) * [Delegation Scope](#delegation-scope) * [Command Line](#command-line) * [Multi-threading](#multi-threading) * [Requirement](#requirement) * [The Bleeding Edge](#the-bleeding-edge) * [With Bundler](#with-bundler) * [Versioning](#versioning) * [Further Reading](#further-reading) ## Routes In Sinatra, a route is an HTTP method paired with a URL-matching pattern. Each route is associated with a block: ```ruby get '/' do .. show something .. end post '/' do .. create something .. end put '/' do .. replace something .. end patch '/' do .. modify something .. end delete '/' do .. annihilate something .. end options '/' do .. appease something .. end link '/' do .. affiliate something .. end unlink '/' do .. separate something .. end ``` Routes are matched in the order they are defined. The first route that matches the request is invoked. Routes with trailing slashes are different from the ones without: ```ruby get '/foo' do # Does not match "GET /foo/" end ``` Route patterns may include named parameters, accessible via the `params` hash: ```ruby get '/hello/:name' do # matches "GET /hello/foo" and "GET /hello/bar" # params['name'] is 'foo' or 'bar' "Hello #{params['name']}!" end ``` You can also access named parameters via block parameters: ```ruby get '/hello/:name' do |n| # matches "GET /hello/foo" and "GET /hello/bar" # params['name'] is 'foo' or 'bar' # n stores params['name'] "Hello #{n}!" end ``` Route patterns may also include splat (or wildcard) parameters, accessible via the `params['splat']` array: ```ruby get '/say/*/to/*' do # matches /say/hello/to/world params['splat'] # => ["hello", "world"] end get '/download/*.*' do # matches /download/path/to/file.xml params['splat'] # => ["path/to/file", "xml"] end ``` Or with block parameters: ```ruby get '/download/*.*' do |path, ext| [path, ext] # => ["path/to/file", "xml"] end ``` Route matching with Regular Expressions: ```ruby get /\/hello\/([\w]+)/ do "Hello, #{params['captures'].first}!" end ``` Or with a block parameter: ```ruby get %r{/hello/([\w]+)} do |c| # Matches "GET /meta/hello/world", "GET /hello/world/1234" etc. "Hello, #{c}!" end ``` Route patterns may have optional parameters: ```ruby get '/posts/:format?' do # matches "GET /posts/" and any extension "GET /posts/json", "GET /posts/xml" etc end ``` Routes may also utilize query parameters: ```ruby get '/posts' do # matches "GET /posts?title=foo&author=bar" title = params['title'] author = params['author'] # uses title and author vari