VC初学例子：窗口最小化与最大化的实现

共13个文件

h：4个

cpp：3个

rc：1个

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在VC++编程环境中，窗口最小化与最大化是常见的功能，对于初学者来说，理解并实现这一功能是非常重要的。本文将详细讲解如何通过代码实现这些功能，适用于VC++初学者。我们需要了解Windows API（应用程序接口）在其中扮演的角色。Windows API提供了大量的函数和结构，使得开发者能够创建和控制窗口。在实现窗口最小化、最大化和恢复操作时，主要涉及的API函数有`ShowWindow`和`SetWindowPos`。 `ShowWindow`函数用于改变窗口的显示状态，它的原型如下： ```cpp BOOL ShowWindow(HWND hWnd, int nCmdShow); ``` 参数`hWnd`是窗口句柄，`nCmdShow`是一个整数值，用来指定窗口的状态。在这个例子中，我们通常会用到以下几种值： - `SW_SHOWMINIMIZED`：最小化窗口。 - `SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED`：最大化窗口。 - `SW_RESTORE`：恢复窗口到原来的大小和位置。例如，如果你想最大化窗口，可以这样调用`ShowWindow`： ```cpp ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED); ``` `SetWindowPos`函数则用于设置窗口的位置和大小，以及改变窗口的堆叠顺序。其原型为： ```cpp BOOL SetWindowPos(HWND hWnd, HWND hWndInsertAfter, int X, int Y, int cx, int cy, UINT uFlags); ``` 参数`hWnd`和`hWndInsertAfter`与`ShowWindow`中的含义相同，`X`和`Y`是窗口左上角的新坐标，`cx`和`cy`是窗口的新宽度和高度，`uFlags`是一个标志位组合，用于指定其他属性，如`SWP_NOSIZE`表示保持当前大小，`SWP_NOMOVE`表示保持当前位置。为了实现窗口的最小化和最大化，你可以在窗口消息处理函数`WndProc`中响应`WM_SIZE`消息。当用户点击最大化按钮或系统菜单时，Windows会发送这个消息。例如： ```cpp LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_SIZE: if (wParam == SIZE_MAXIMIZED) { // 窗口被最大化 // 可在此处执行额外的处理，如更新控件等 } else if (wParam == SIZE_MINIMIZED) { // 窗口被最小化 // 可在此处执行额外的处理，如保存当前状态等 } break; // 其他消息处理... } return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } ``` 在这个例子中，`wParam`参数会携带消息的附加信息。当窗口最大化时，其值为`SIZE_MAXIMIZED`；当窗口最小化时，其值为`SIZE_MINIMIZED`。除了直接调用`ShowWindow`来最大化和最小化窗口，你还可以通过修改窗口样式来实现。例如，可以设置WS_MAXIMIZEBOX和WS_MINIMIZEBOX风格，允许用户通过窗口边框上的最大化和最小化按钮来改变窗口状态。实现窗口最小化与最大化的关键在于理解和运用Windows API，以及正确处理窗口消息。在VC++中，这通常是通过MFC（Microsoft Foundation Classes）库或Win32 API直接编程来完成的。对于初学者，理解这些基本概念和函数用法是迈向专业编程的第一步。通过实践和不断地学习，你将能够掌握更复杂的界面设计和交互功能。

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DemoDlg.rar （13个子文件）

codefans.net

最大化和最小化窗口

ReadMe.txt 3KB

StdAfx.h 1KB

res

Demo.ico 1KB

Demo.rc2 396B

Demo.cpp 2KB

DemoDlg.cpp 4KB

Demo.h 1KB

resource.h 774B

Demo.dsp 4KB

Demo.dsw 533B

StdAfx.cpp 206B

DemoDlg.h 1KB

Demo.rc 5KB

======================================================================== MICROSOFT FOUNDATION CLASS LIBRARY : Demo ======================================================================== AppWizard has created this Demo application for you. This application not only demonstrates the basics of using the Microsoft Foundation classes but is also a starting point for writing your application. This file contains a summary of what you will find in each of the files that make up your Demo application. Demo.dsp This file (the project file) contains information at the project level and is used to build a single project or subproject. Other users can share the project (.dsp) file, but they should export the makefiles locally. Demo.h This is the main header file for the application. It includes other project specific headers (including Resource.h) and declares the CDemoApp application class. Demo.cpp This is the main application source file that contains the application class CDemoApp. Demo.rc This is a listing of all of the Microsoft Windows resources that the program uses. It includes the icons, bitmaps, and cursors that are stored in the RES subdirectory. This file can be directly edited in Microsoft Visual C++. Demo.clw This file contains information used by ClassWizard to edit existing classes or add new classes. ClassWizard also uses this file to store information needed to create and edit message maps and dialog data maps and to create prototype member functions. res\Demo.ico This is an icon file, which is used as the application's icon. This icon is included by the main resource file Demo.rc. res\Demo.rc2 This file contains resources that are not edited by Microsoft Visual C++. You should place all resources not editable by the resource editor in this file. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// AppWizard creates one dialog class: DemoDlg.h, DemoDlg.cpp - the dialog These files contain your CDemoDlg class. This class defines the behavior of your application's main dialog. The dialog's template is in Demo.rc, which can be edited in Microsoft Visual C++. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Other standard files: StdAfx.h, StdAfx.cpp These files are used to build a precompiled header (PCH) file named Demo.pch and a precompiled types file named StdAfx.obj. Resource.h This is the standard header file, which defines new resource IDs. Microsoft Visual C++ reads and updates this file. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Other notes: AppWizard uses "TODO:" to indicate parts of the source code you should add to or customize. If your application uses MFC in a shared DLL, and your application is in a language other than the operating system's current language, you will need to copy the corresponding localized resources MFC42XXX.DLL from the Microsoft Visual C++ CD-ROM onto the system or system32 directory, and rename it to be MFCLOC.DLL. ("XXX" stands for the language abbreviation. For example, MFC42DEU.DLL contains resources translated to German.) If you don't do this, some of the UI elements of your application will remain in the language of the operating system. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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